Mwambo Wanyama: Ndi Makhalidwe Abwanji Anyama Amene Amatiphunzitsa Zokhudza Kupezerera Ena

Zamkati

• Kupezerera Kuwerenga Kofunikira
• Kupondereza Kuntchito Ndi Masewera: Kambiranani ndi Anthu 6

Kodi mchitidwe wopezerera anzawo ungathetsedwe? Kwa zaka khumi zapitazi kapena kupitilira apo chidwi chathu pazovuta zenizeni zomwe kuzunzidwa kwadzetsa m'makampani onse omwe amayang'ana kwambiri "ovutitsa." Komabe chidwi chathu chonse pamutuwu, zathandizadi kuchepetsa kupsa mtima kusukulu, kuntchito komanso mdera?

Mwina chifukwa chimodzi chomwe zakhala zovuta kusintha machitidwe achiwawa ndi chifukwa chakuyang'ana pa "wopondereza" aliyense, timalephera kuwona mphamvu zamaganizidwe am'magulu kupangitsa anthu ena achifundo komanso achifundo kuchita mwankhanza komanso mopanda umunthu. Zodabwitsazi zamagulu zimapsa mtima mosavuta, komanso zamphamvu kwambiri, pamene wina mu utsogoleri akuwonekeratu kuti akufuna wina atuluke. Izi zikachitika, omwe ali pansi pake amayankha mwachangu pempho loti athetsere wantchito, wophunzira, kapena bwenzi.

Mu ebook yanga yatsopano, Anakakamizidwa! Kupulumuka Kuzunzidwa Kwa Akuluakulu ndi Kuzunzidwa , Ndimasanthula zodabwitsazi zamagulu ndikupereka njira zingapo zodzitetezera. Yalembedwa makamaka kwa ogwira ntchito, koma imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi kulikonse komwe anthu amakhala ndikugwirira ntchito limodzi m'magulu, Anakakamizidwa! Imayang'anitsitsa machitidwe azinyama kuti tiwonetse kuchuluka kwa zomwe timakumana nazo m'malo ochezera ndizobadwa, zofananira komanso zodziwikiratu. Ngati ndizobadwa, ndiye kuti zitha kuyimitsidwa? Ndinganene kuti ayi, sichingayimitsidwe konse, koma itha kupewedwa, kapena kuwongoleredwa, nthawi zambiri-ngati chandamale chikudziwika ndikukonzekera. Mwina njira yabwino yopulumutsira nkhanza za gululi sikusintha kwambiri machitidwe a omwe akukumana ndi nkhanza, popeza ndikuphunzira kuchokera kuzinyama zomwe chandamale chingachite kuti zisinthe zomwe zatsala pang'ono kuwululidwa. Nayi gawo:

Kafukufuku wa Primate awonetsa kuchuluka kwa njira zomwe machitidwe opezerera anzawo omwe ali ndi udindo wapamwamba angasinthe mamembala amtendere ena kukhala gulu la achifwamba. Tengani anyani a rhesus, mwachitsanzo. M'buku lake, Luntha la Macachiavellian: Momwe Rhesus Macaques ndi Anthu Agonjetsera Dziko Lapansi , katswiri wamaphunziro oyambilira Dario Maestripieri akuwonetsa njira zanzeru komanso zopusitsira zomwe anyani a rhesus amagwiritsa ntchito kuti akhale ndiudindo komanso mphamvu m'magulu awo - m'njira yofanana kwambiri ndi momwe anthu amakhalira pantchito komanso pankhondo.

Maestripieri amatsegula buku lake ndi nkhani ya wankhanza macaque yemwe amaluma mwana wamwamuna wokondedwa wachinyamata wotchedwa Buddy. M'malo mothetsa mkanganowo polimbana ndi vuto lopweteka chimodzimodzi, kapena kuwonetsa kugonjera ndikudzipereka kwa wozunza, Buddy adathawa ndikumva kuwawa. Polephera kupeza kapena kuwonetsa ulemu, kuwonetsa kufooka kwa a Buddy kunapangitsa kuti atsatidwe, ndipo wopezererayo adakulitsanso nkhanza zake, pomwe abwenzi a Buddy adathamangira nawo kukasangalala. M'malo mothandizana ndi mnzake yemwe anali kuzunzidwa, abwenzi a Buddy adamutsata ndikumuukira, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ofufuza omwe akuwona kukumana kuti amuchotse Buddy mgululi kuti adziteteze.

Buddy atabwezeretsedwera m'gululi, omwe adasewera nawo adamuyika, ndikumugwetsa pansi ndikumuuza kuti amenye nkhondo. Wofooka chifukwa cha mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi omwe ofufuzawo adamupatsa atamuchotsa pachiwopsezo choyambirira, boma lomwe linali pachiwopsezo cha Buddy lidazunzidwa ndi omwe adasewera nawo omwe adakulira nawo. Mastripieri akufotokoza zomwe zidachitika:

"Buddy watha tsiku lililonse la moyo wake mu mpanda ndi anyani ena onse. Onse amadya chakudya chofanana ndipo amagona pansi padenga limodzi. . . . . Iwo anali kumeneko pamene iye anabadwa. Anamugwira ndikumugwira ali khanda. Amamuyang'ana akukula, tsiku ndi tsiku, tsiku lililonse la moyo wake. Komabe, tsiku lomwelo, ngati ofufuzawo sanatenge Buddy pagululi, akanaphedwa. . . . Anali wofooka komanso wosatetezeka. Khalidwe la anyani enawo linasintha mwachangu komanso modzidzimutsa — kuchoka paubwenzi kufika pakusalolera, kuyambira kusewera mpaka nkhalwe. Kusatetezeka kwa Buddy kudakhala mwayi kwa ena kuti akwaniritse zolemba zawo zakale, kukonza maudindo awo olamulira, kapena kuthana ndi mdani wabwino. M'magulu a rhesus macaque, kukhala ndi mbiri yabwino, kulandilidwa ndi ena, komanso kuti apulumuke konse zimadalira momwe munthu amathamangira mwachangu komanso momwe akugwiritsira ntchito chizindikiritso choyenera, ndi munthu woyenera, nthawi yoyenera. ” (Mastripieri, 2007: 4, 5).

Mchitidwe womwewo wa nkhanza umapezeka mimbulu zomwe sizingakonzekere kuukira magulu ena a mimbulu, koma nthawi zonse zimatulutsa mamembala ofooka a gulu lawo kuzunzidwa kwanthawi yayitali, pafupifupi nthawi zonse yolimbikitsidwa ndi nkhandwe ya alpha ndikuchita mwamwambo kutsatira Mimbulu yotsika. Malinga ndi katswiri wodziwika bwino wazachilengedwe komanso mmbulu R. D. Lawrence, mimbulu imati "imatsata mtsogoleri wawo" ndikutsegulira mamembala awo ngati alpha wapamwamba atero. Pofuna kulepheretsa kuzunzidwako, nkhandwe yomwe yachitidwayo ikuyenera kuwonetsa kugonjera —kugona chagada, kuvumbula kukhosi, mimba ndi kubuula kwa alfa — kapena pothawa.

Kuti mumve zambiri pazomwe zimatanthauza kusonyeza kugonjera kapena kuthawa kuntchito kapena mdera lanu, onani Anakakamizidwa! Ipezeka pa Kindle, koma ngati mulibe Kindle, mutha kutsitsa pulogalamu yaulere yaulere patsamba la Amazon yomwe ingakuthandizeni kuti muwerenge buku lililonse la Kindle. Ndipo ngati simukufuna kuwerenga bukuli, khalani maso pa tsamba lino komwe ndipitilize kukambirana njira zambiri zomwe kupsa mtima kwa anthu kumayambitsidwira ndikutenthedwa akangoyitanidwa. Pali njira zingapo zopambanitsira wopezerera, ndipo zimayamba ndikudziwona tokha - ndi zikhalidwe zathu zanyama.

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Kupondereza Kuntchito Ndi Masewera: Kambiranani ndi Anthu 6