Kodi Pali Akazi Amtundu Wonse ku Hollywood?

Nditatulutsa buku latsopano la Gloria Steinem - woyamba wake mzaka 20 — sindingachitire mwina koma kulingalira momwe ukazi wasinthira pazaka zambiri. Kodi anthu apita patsogolo bwanji pankhani ya kufanana kwa akazi? Ngakhale kuti Hollywood sinali chiwonetsero chokha chokha cha anthu, imagwira ntchito ngati chowunikira chowonekera pazomwe zikuchitika pachikhalidwe chachikulu. Poyang'ana maudindo azimayi komanso ziwonetsero za azimayi ku Hollywood, sindingachitire mwina koma kulira, ndani (ndi kuti) ndiotani omwe ali achikazi?

Hollywood ikupitilizabe kutumiza mauthenga osakanikirana okhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka ukazi ndi ukazi masiku ano. Mphotho zisanachitike chaka chino, Reese Witherspoon ndi nyenyezi zina zachikazi adalumphira gulu la #AskHerMore kuti nyenyezi zachikazi zifunsidwe mafunso owonjezera kuposa zomwe amavala pamphasa wofiira. Ngakhale mawonekedwe ngati awa atha kukhala othandiza, nyenyezi zachikazi zodziwika kwambiri pokhudzana ndi kachitidwe katsopazi zakhala zikugwira ntchito pamphasa wofiira kwa zaka zambiri ngati gawo la makina aku Hollywood. Pakadali pano, ku Emmys ku 2014, nyenyezi yophulika Sofia Vergara adakwapulidwa pa siteji kuti amangokhala chete pabwalo, ndikuzungulira. Pomwe panali zovuta pamasamba ochezera nthawi zambiri pankhani yotsutsana ndi Vergara pa siteji (kangati pomwe akazi amayembekezeredwa kuti azingokhala chete ndikuwoneka okongola?)

"Ndikuganiza kuti ndizosiyana [zotsutsa]," wazaka 42 adauza atolankhani. "Zikutanthauza kuti wina akhoza kukhala wotentha komanso woseketsa komanso kudziseka yekha ndikusangalala ndikugwira ntchito ndikupanga ndalama, chifukwa chake ndikuganiza kuti ndizopusa. Ndipo wina amene adayamba izi, ndipo ndikudziwa kuti anali ndani, alibe nthabwala ndipo iyenera kuchepa pang'ono! " (Willis, 2014)

Tsoka ilo, zithunzi zosonyeza nyenyezi sizimachitika pachikhalidwe chathu, ndipo ngati amakonda kapena ayi, nyenyezi zachikazi zimatumiza mauthenga okhudzana ndi ukazi wawo ndi chilichonse chomwe akuchita kapena momwe amavomerezera. Momwe ndimakondera Vergara, pang'ono sizinali zoyipa zokha, adalinso ndi vuto pakudzinenera kwake. O ndipo chifukwa cha wochita sewero Marion Cotillard, powuza magazini kugwa uku kuti palibe malo okonda zachikazi m'mafilimu, sindingaganizire kuti ndikotani komwe kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ku Hollywood (monga akunenera Blay, 2015).

Ndipo kotero - opusa? - ndi mauthenga osakanizika afalikira pachikhalidwe chofala. Beyonce akubangula za kulimbikitsidwa kwa amayi mu nyimbo zake, pomwe amasintha kukula kwa ntchafu zake kuti ziwoneke zochepa (pa ntchafu, aliyense?) Pa Instagram. A Jennifer Lawrence akuwonetsetsa kuti amalandila ndalama zochepa kuposa azibambo omwe amagwira nawo ntchito American Hustle akuti akuti adalephera kukambirana za kufunikira kwake. Ngakhale izi zikhoza kukhala zowona kapena zosakhala zoona (tonsefe tawerenga Dalirani ) ndi mwayi wotani wodziwitsa anthu zakugonana komwe kwakhazikitsidwa ku Hollywood komwe kumayambitsa nyenyezi zachikazi kulipira ndalama zochepa poyerekeza ndi amuna anzawo. Potenga udindo wosakambirana mokwanira, Lawrence mosazindikira adalola studio za Hollywood ndi makina akuluakulu kuti atchulepo za kusalingani pakati pa amuna ndi akazi m'makampani.

Osachepera Lawrence akuyesera kuti awonetsere za vuto la malipiro (ndipo mwina akuwunikiranso momwe adayankhira maimelo a Sony obisika akuwulula zakusiyanaku), popeza posachedwa adalemba nkhani yokhudza nkhani yomwe adalemba patsamba la Lena Dunham (inde, Lena! Zikomo mulungu chifukwa cha Lena Dunham!) (Monga akunenera Norwin, 2015). Kodi panali mgwirizano pakati pa azimayi aku Hollywood pambuyo pofalitsa izi? Kuyankha kwa Kate Winslet ndikuti zokambirana zomwe Lawrence akuyesa kuyambitsa ndi "zoyipa" ndipo eya, palibe chifukwa chodandaula, Hollywood ili bwino momwe ziliri (Lee, 2015). Pakadali pano wosewera wina Jeremy Renner, wosewera mnzake wa Lawrence mufilimu yomwe idadzetsa mpungwepungwe, poyambilira adanyalanyaza vutoli ndi mawu osawoneka bwino omwe akuwoneka kuti akuwonetsa kuti mwayi wamalipiro silinali vuto lake, koma kungoyankha ndi "kufotokoza ”Atalandira zojambulazo pazanema. Osatinso tili ndi wosewera Bradley Cooper, mnzake wothandizana naye yemwe adathandizira Lawrence (Cooper wachikazi, mwina?).

Ngakhale ndizokhumudwitsa, mwina sizosadabwitsa kuti nyenyezi zachikazi sizikukumbatirana pavuto lomwe limakhudza onse, osatinso kulumikizana kuchokera kwa amuna anzawo. Anthu akuwoneka kuti alinso ndi vuto lalikulu ndi otchuka achikazi poyerekeza ndi amuna. M'malo mwake, "awiri mwa atatu mwa anthu odziwika bwino omwe timadana nawo kwambiri ndi akazi, ndipo akazi amawerengera asanu ndi awiri mwa malo okwera 10 [pamndandanda wa 'Wotchuka Kwambiri']" (Lang, 2013). Chifukwa chake nyenyezi zachikazi zimadandaula pagulu polankhula (Katherine Heigel, aliyense?) Ndipo amalandila miyezo iwiri zikafika pamakhalidwe awo pagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi miliyoni iti pano kapena apo zikafika pagawo lamalipiro, sichoncho? Onse ndi olemera kwambiri kuposa momwe amachitira a ku America.

Chowonadi ndichakuti mphamvu yatsopano ya atsikana yomwe idatilowetsa kukhosi kudzera ku Hollywood ndiyotengeka komanso siyofunika. Monga Wizard ya Oz, ngati mungazindikire kuseri kwa nsalu yotchinga, nazi zenizeni: kusowa kosiyanasiyana ku Hollywood kwalembedwa mu malipoti angapo odabwitsa omwe akuti: "Ngati simuli wachichepere, woyera, wolunjika , ndi amuna ku Hollywood, ”ndiye kuti pali kusiyana pakati pathu (Robinson, 2015). Azimayi ali ndi maudindo ochepa olankhula kuposa omwe amuna amachita, pali mwayi wambiri kwa owongolera azimayi, pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ku Hollywood, ndipo nzosadabwitsa kuti azimayi akupitilizabe kugonedwa amuna m'mafanizo awo pa kanema (Robinson, 2015).

M'malo mwake, pakadali pano pali kafukufuku wapa fedulo wofunsa anthu ntchito ku Hollywood ofuna kuthana ndi vuto ngati pali njira zomwe zingathetsere kusalana kwa otsogolera azimayi pawailesi yakanema komanso kanema (Robb, 2015). Potengera manambalawo, "azimayi pakadali pano amalandira 16% yokha ya ntchito zowongolera ma TV, ndipo chaka chatha adayendetsa zochepera 5% mwa studio zazikuluzikulu" (Robb, 2015).

Chifukwa chake Gloria Steinem, kulikonse komwe mungapite kukawona mabuku ku United States pakadali pano, chonde pitani ku Hollywood. Kodi pali malo ogulitsira khofi kapena kasupe komwe onse otchukawa amasonkhana? Ngati mungathe kuchita maso ndi maso ndi makonda a studio makamaka, ndikuponyera Cotillard ndi Winslet pamlingo wabwino, ndibwino kwambiri.

Zolemba

Blay, Z. (2015, Seputembara 29). Marion Cotillard akuti palibe malo achikazi ku Hollywood. Huffington Post: Akazi. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13, 2015 kuchokera: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/marion-cotillard-says-theres-no-room-for-feminism-in-hollywood_560aa2bce4b0dd850309247d

Lang, N. (2013, Meyi 21). Zomwe kudana ndi Gwyneth Paltrow zikunena za ife. Huffington Post: Blog. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13th 2015 kuchokera: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/nico-lang/gwyneth-paltrow-most-hated-celebrity_b_3313659.html

Lee, B. (2015, Novembala 11). Kate Winslet: mtsutso wotsutsana pa jenda ndi 'wotukwana'. Woyang'anira. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13, 2015 kuchokera: http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/nov/11/kate-winslet-the-gender-pay-gap-debate-is-a-bit-vulgar

Norwin, A. (2015, Okutobala 13). Jennifer Lawrence akuyimirira kulipidwa kosayenerera kwa Amuna Aku Hollywood -'f * ck that '. Hollywood Life ndi Bonnie Fuller. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13, 2015 kuchokera: http://hollywoodlife.com/2015/10/13/jennifer-lawrence-sexism-hollywood-unequal-pay-rant-essay-feminism/

Robb, D. (2015, Okutobala 6). Amadyetsa Ofufuza mosavomerezeka kusowa kwa Oyang'anira Akazi ku Hollywood. Tsiku lomalizira: Hollywood. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13, 2015 kuchokera: http://deadline.com/2015/10/female-directors-hollywood-federal-investigation-eeoc-1201568487/

Robinson, J. (2015, Ogasiti 5). Ripoti Latsopano Livumbulutsa Kusagwirizana Kwodabwitsa kwa aliyense osati Wachichepere, Woyera, Wowongoka, ndi Mwamuna ku Hollywood. Zachabechabe Fair. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13, 2015 kuchokera: http://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/08/inequality-women-race-sexual-orientation-movies

Willis, J. (2014, Ogasiti 26). Kupota Sofia Vergara kumayambitsa kutsutsana pakati pa owonera Emmy. Zosangalatsa Usiku. Kubwezeretsedwa pa Novembala 13, 2015 kuchokera: http://www.etonline.com/awards/150384_sofia_vergara_spinning_at_the_emmys_causes_controversy/

Copyright Azadeh Aalai 2015