Kodi Zolakwa Zitha Kuchiritsidwa?

Matenda amisala ayamba kutuluka mumithunzi m'zaka zaposachedwa. Sizingathenso kuganiza kuti anthu akhoza kufotokoza za mavuto awo; mwina mukudziwa wina amene wachita izi. Pakadali pano, tazolowera kumva zamatenda atolankhani komanso zampikisano.

Koma ngakhale thanzi lamisala lakula kwambiri masiku ano, ndipo njira zakuchiritsira zakusinthira mosakayikira, mikhalidwe ina imakhalabe yodzaza ndi kusalidwa ndipo, kwa anthu ochulukirapo, amakakamira kuchiza.

Zinyengo zabodza - mantha opanda chifukwa oti anthu akufuna kutivulaza - agwera m'gululi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zodziwika ndi matenda amisala monga schizophrenia, zinyengo zabodza zimatha kubweretsa mavuto akulu. Pafupifupi theka la odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli amadwalanso matenda; zowonadi, milingo yawo yathanzi lamaganizidwe imakhala yotsika kwambiri ndi 2% ya anthu. Izi sizosadabwitsa chifukwa chazunzo zakuganiza, mwachitsanzo, kuti abwenzi kapena abale anu akufuna kudzakutengani, kapena kuti boma likufuna kukuphani. Kukhalapo kwachinyengo chomuzunza kumaneneratu kudzipha komanso kulandilidwa kuchipatala cha amisala.

Chifukwa cha zonsezi, ndizomvetsa chisoni kuti tikusowabe chithandizo chamankhwala chokhazikika. Mankhwala ndi mankhwala amisala atha kusintha ndipo atsogoleri ena odabwitsa azaumoyo akupita patsogolo pakumvetsetsa, chithandizo chamankhwala, komanso kupereka ntchito. Komabe, mankhwala sagwira ntchito kwa aliyense ndipo zotsatirapo zake zimakhala zosasangalatsa kotero kuti anthu ambiri amangosiya chithandizo. Pakadali pano, pomwe njira zamankhwala monga njira zoyambira m'badwo wa CBT zakhala zothandiza kwa ambiri, zopindulitsa zitha kukhala zochepa. Kupezeka kumakhalanso kodzichepetsa kwambiri, ndikusowa kwa akatswiri ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe amatha kuperekera mankhwala mokwanira.

Poyang'ana zosankha zomwe zilipo, ndikumbukira kuti odwala ambiri ali ndi nkhawa ndi malingaliro okhumudwitsa ngakhale atakhala miyezi ingapo kapena zaka zamankhwala, lingaliro loti chinyengo chingachiritsidwe limawoneka ngati loto. Koma apa ndi pomwe tikufuna kukhazikitsa bala. Ndi cholinga chomwe timaganiza kuti ndichachidziwikire kwa odwala ambiri. Zotsatira zoyambirira za pulogalamu yathu ya Feeling Safe, yolipiridwa ndi Medical Research Council ndikumanga ukadaulo wapadziko lonse pakumvetsetsa ndikuchiritsa zomwe zimachitika m'maganizo, zimapereka chiyembekezo.

Njira yothandizirayi yamangidwa mozungulira mtundu wathu wama paranoia (pankhaniyi ndizomwe zimadziwika kuti a chithandizo chamasuliridwe ). Pachimake pachinyengo chazunzo ndimomwe timatcha chikhulupiriro chowopseza: Mwanjira ina, munthuyu amakhulupirira (molakwika) kuti ali pachiwopsezo. Umu ndi momwe timamvera nthawi zambiri. Zinyengo zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia amakumana nazo sizosiyana kwenikweni ndi zamatsenga za tsiku ndi tsiku; Amangolimbikira komanso amalimbikira. Zinyengo zabodza ndizomwe zimawononga kwambiri anthu.

Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi malingaliro ambiri, kwa anthu ambiri, kukula kwa zikhulupiriro zawo zowopsa kumayanjana pakati pa majini ndi chilengedwe. Kupyolera mwangozi yobadwa, ena a ife titha kukhala okhudzidwa ndi malingaliro okayikira kuposa ena. Koma sizitanthauza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lachibadwa adzakumana ndi mavuto; kutali ndi izo. Zinthu zachilengedwe - makamaka zinthu zomwe zimatigwera m'miyoyo yathu ndi momwe timayankhira - ndizofunikira kwambiri monga chibadwa.

Chinyengo chazunzo chikangoyamba, chimakulitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya zinthu yokonza . Tikudziwa, mwachitsanzo, kuti paranoia imadyetsa malingaliro a kusatetezeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa chodzidalira. Kuda nkhawa kumabweretsa malingaliro owopsa koma osamveka m'maganizo. Kugona mokwanira kumachulukitsa mantha amantha, Ndipo zosokoneza zingapo zobisika (monga momwe zimamvekera chifukwa cha nkhawa) zimamasuliridwa mosavuta ngati zizindikiritso zoopsa zakunja. Zosokonekera zimasangalalanso ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "kukondera kulingalira" monga kudumpha kumapeto ndikungoyang'ana zochitika zomwe zimawoneka ngati zikutsimikizira malingaliro okayika. Zomveka zotsutsana - monga kupewa zinthu zomwe zimawopsedwa - zikutanthauza kuti munthuyo sazindikira ngati alidi pachiwopsezo ndipo chifukwa chake malingaliro awo okhumudwitsa anali oyenera.

Cholinga chachikulu cha Feeling Safe Program ndikuti odwala aphunzire chitetezo. Akachita izi, zikhulupiriro zowopsa zimayamba kusungunuka. Pambuyo polimbana ndi zovuta zawo, timathandiza odwala kuti abwerere ku zomwe akuopa ndikuzindikira kuti, zilizonse zomwe angamve pazomwe adakumana nazo kale, zinthu ndizosiyana tsopano.

Ngakhale Pulogalamu Yodzimva Kuti Ndi Yatsopano ndi yatsopano, yamangidwa pamalingaliro ofufuza mosamala. Pogwiritsa ntchito maphunziro owononga matenda ndi zoyeserera, tayesa chiphunzitsochi ndikuwonetsa zofunikira pakukonza. Kenako, tinayamba kuwonetsa kuti titha kuchepetsa zinthu zosamalira ndikuti, tikatero, matenda amisala a odwala amachepa. Pazaka zisanu zapitazi, ma module omwe amayang'ana pachinthu chilichonse chazoyeserera adayesedwa ndi ife ndi anzathu m'mayesero azachipatala okhudzana ndi odwala mazana. Kudzimva Wotetezeka ndi zotsatira za njira yayitali yotanthauzira sayansi kuti ichitike. Tsopano tafika pagawo losangalatsa lakuyika ma module osiyanasiyana mothandizidwa mokwanira ndi chinyengo chopitilira chizunzo.

Zotsatira za odwala oyamba kuchita Pulogalamu Yodzimva Otetezeka zasindikizidwa sabata ino. Mayeso athu a Phase 1 adakhudza odwala khumi ndi m'modzi omwe amakhala ndi zinyengo zazitali zomwe sanayankhe kuchipatala, makamaka kwazaka zambiri. Ambiri mwa odwalawo anali kumva mawu. Tidawathandiza koyamba kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto zomwe zimawasamalira. Odwala amasankhidwa kuchokera pazakudya zopangidwa makamaka kwa iwo, kuphatikiza, mwachitsanzo, ma module omwe adapangidwa kuti achepetse nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi nkhawa, kudzilimbitsa, kukonza kugona, kukhala osinthasintha pamaganizidwe, ndikuphunzira momwe angayendetsere popanda chotsutsana -machitidwe ndikuwona kuti dziko lapansi tsopano ndi lotetezeka kwa iwo.

Kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ikubwera, wodwala aliyense adagwira ntchito ndi katswiri wazamaganizidwe achipatala kuchokera pagululi pamakonzedwe amomwe amathandizira, kuthana ndi zovuta zake m'modzi ndi m'modzi. Zomwe zimayambitsa chinyengo zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi wodwala; Njira yabwino yothanirana ndi zovuta izi ndikutenga gawo - kapena kukonza - panthawi. Mankhwalawa ndi othandiza komanso othandiza. Amayang'ana kwambiri kuthandiza odwala kuti azimva kuti ndi otetezeka komanso kuti azisangalala, ndikubwerera kuchita zomwe akufuna kuchita.

Pafupifupi, odwala amalandila kufunsa makumi awiri mphambu m'modzi mwa m'modzi mpaka pafupifupi ola limodzi, magawo omwe amathandizidwa nthawi zambiri ndi mafoni, mameseji, ndi maimelo. Magawo ake amachitikira m'malo osiyanasiyana: malo azaumoyo am'deralo, nyumba ya wodwalayo, kapena malo omwe wodwalayo amatha kupezanso chitetezo (mwachitsanzo, malo ogulitsira, kapena paki). Kamodzi kantchito kosamalira katayidwa bwino, wodwalayo adapita gawo lotsatira lofunikira.

Zotsatira zinali zodabwitsa; pulogalamuyo imawoneka ngati itha kuyimira kusintha kosamalira chinyengo. Sayansi imatha kutanthauzira kupita patsogolo kofunikira. Oposa theka la odwala (64%) adachira pazinyengo zawo zakale. Awa anali anthu omwe adayamba kuyeserera mosocheretsa kopitilira muyeso, zizindikilo zina zowasokoneza m'maganizo, komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino m'maganizo - gulu lovuta kwambiri kulimbana ndi chithandizo chatsopano. Koma pomwe pulogalamuyi imapitilira, odwala adapeza phindu lalikulu m'malo onsewa; angapo adathanso kuchepetsa mankhwala awo. Kuphatikiza apo, odwala anali okondwa kutsatira pulogalamuyi, pafupifupi onse akunena kuti yawathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto awo moyenera.

Sizinagwire ntchito kwa aliyense ndipo ichi ndi mayeso oyesa kwambiri amachiritso omwe akupitilizabe kusintha. Kuyesedwa kwathunthu kosasinthika komwe kumathandizidwa ndi NHS National Institute of Health Research yaku UK kudayamba mu February. Ngati zotsatira zoyambirirazi zitha kutengera, pulogalamu ya Feeling Safe idzawonetsa kupita patsogolo kopanda kale. Kumvetsetsa kwathu zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera kwabwera modumphadumpha m'zaka zaposachedwa chifukwa chofika pakupanga chithandizo chabwino titha kupitilira ndikulimba mtima kuposa kale. Pomaliza, ndizotheka kuyerekezera mtsogolo momwe odwala omwe ali ndi chizunzo chazunzo, kwanthawi yayitali vuto lomwe likuwoneka ngati losatheka, atha kupatsidwa chithandizo champhamvu, chodalirika, komanso chothandiza kwambiri. Paranoia, zikuwoneka, pamapeto pake atha kutuluka mumithunzi.

Daniel ndi Jason ndi omwe adalemba The Stressed Sex: Discovering the True about Men, Women and Mental Health. Pa Twitter, iwo ndi @ProfDFreeman ndi @ JasonFreeman100.