Kuwonongeka Pazovuta Zakudya: Zowona kapena Zachabe?

Zamkati

• Mavuto Amadyedwe Ofunika
• Chifukwa Chomwe Kusokonezeka Kudya Kwakuchuluka Kudzera mu COVID-19

Comorbidity ndi mutu wovuta, wamaganizidwe komanso zamankhwala. Tanthauzo la comorbidity kuchokera pamalingaliro amatanthauza zomwe "gulu lazachipatala lodziwika limapezeka panthawi yamatenda" - mwachitsanzo pamene wodwala matenda ashuga akudwala matenda a Parkinson. Poterepa, pali magulu awiri azachipatala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.

Kutanthauzira kwa comorbidity kuchokera kuchipatala kumawunikira, m'malo mwake, kuzinthu zomwe "mabungwe azachipatala awiri kapena kupitilira apo amakhala limodzi." Poterepa, kuchuluka kwa comorbidity kumadalira kutanthauzira kwamatenda (mwachitsanzo, dongosolo lamagulu ndi malamulo ake azidziwitso).

M'munda wathanzi, pomwe sipanapezeke zotsimikizira za biomarker pakadali pano, ndizokayika ngati matenda awiri amisala ndi "magulu azachipatala" osiyana siyana, kapena kungotsatira zotsatira zamagulu amisala omwe, potengera chizindikiro chomwe chaperekedwa, amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito matenda angapo amisala wodwala yemweyo.

Mavuto okhudzana ndi tanthauzo la comorbidity atha kukhala ndi zotsatira zofunikira pachipatala zomwe zimakhudza chithandizo chamankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, zomwe zimachitika pakukhumudwa ndizofala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lakudya koma atha kukhala umboni woti mwina ali ndi vuto lachipatala ('comorbidity') kapena zotsatira zakuchepera kwa anorexia nervosa kapena kudya kwambiri ku bulimia nervosa ('wonyenga comorbidity ') (onani Chithunzi 1). Pachiyambi, kukhumudwa kwamankhwala kumayenera kuthandizidwa mwachindunji, pomwe kuchitira chithandizo chamatenda kuyenera kuchititsa kukhululukidwa pazovuta.

Kuwonongeka m'matenda akudya

Kuwunikanso mwachidule kwamaphunziro aku Europe kunatsimikizira kuti anthu opitilira 70% omwe ali ndi vuto lakudya amadwala matenda amisala. Mavuto omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi ndimatenda amisala (> 50%), zovuta zam'malingaliro (> 40%), kudzivulaza (> 20%), komanso zovuta zogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (> 10%).

Tiyenera kutsindika kuti chidziwitso kuchokera ku kafukufukuyu chikuwonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu pamlingo wamankhwala amisala pamavuto akudya; Mwachitsanzo, kufalikira kwa mbiri yamoyo wamatenda amvuto akuti adangokhala 25% mpaka 75% ya milandu. Mtunduwu mosakayikira umabweretsa kukayikira kwakukulu pakudalirika kwa izi. Momwemonso, kafukufuku yemwe adawonetsa kuchuluka kwa zovuta zaumunthu zomwe zimakhalapo ndimatenda akudya zanenanso zakusintha kwakukulu, kuyambira 27% mpaka 93%!

Mavuto amachitidwe

Zofufuza zomwe zawunikanso zovuta pamavuto akudya zimakhala ndi mavuto akulu amachitidwe. Mwachitsanzo, kusiyanitsa sikunachitike nthawi zonse ngati vuto la "comorbid" lidachitika musanadye kapena mutatha vuto la kudya; zitsanzo zomwe zimayesedwa nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono ndipo / kapena zimaphatikizapo magulu azidziwitso azovuta pakudya mosiyanasiyana; kuchuluka kwakukulu komanso kosagwirizana kwamafunso azachipatala komanso mayeso omwe adadzipangira okha adagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika comorbidity. Komabe, vuto lalikulu ndiloti maphunziro ambiri sanawone ngati mawonekedwe a comorbidity anali achiwiri pakuchepa kapena kusokonekera mu zakudya.

Comorbidity kapena milandu yovuta?

Lingaliro loti pali gawo limodzi chabe la "zovuta" silingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamavuto akudya Inde, pafupifupi onse odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya angawoneke ngati zovuta. Ambiri, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, amakwaniritsa njira yodziwira matenda amodzi kapena angapo amisala. Zovuta zakuthupi ndizofala, ndipo odwala ena adakhalapo ndikuchitapo kanthu zamatenda azachipatala. Zovuta zamunthu ndi zomwe zimachitika, ndipo matendawa amatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu pakukula ndi magwiridwe antchito a munthu. Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya, zovuta ndizomwe zimalamulira m'malo mongopatula.

Kugawika kwazinthu zovuta zamankhwala muzidutswa tating'onoting'ono ta matenda amisala kumatha kukhala ndi zoyipa zolepheretsa njira yothandizirayi ndikulimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo angapo kapenanso kulowererapo kuchitira chithunzi chimodzi chachipatala chachikulu komanso chovuta kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kuwunika kolakwika ndi kasamalidwe ka ziwopsezo kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zowononga chithandizo chamankhwala pazinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda azisala kudya azipereka kwa odwala zosafunikira komanso zowopsa.

Njira yolimbikira pamilandu yovuta

M'machitidwe anga azachipatala, ndimagwiritsa ntchito njira zanzeru pothana ndi vuto la m'maganizo lomwe limakhudzana ndi vuto lakudya. Ndimazindikira ndipo pamapeto pake ndimakwaniritsa zovuta pokhapokha ngati zili zofunikira komanso zomwe zimakhudza matenda. Kuti izi zitheke, buku lothandizira kupititsa patsogolo machitidwe azidziwitso (CBT-E) pamavuto akudya limagawaniza zovuta m'magulu atatu:

Mavuto Amadyedwe Ofunika

Chifukwa Chomwe Kusokonezeka Kudya Kwakuchuluka Kudzera mu COVID-19