Genetic Psychology: Zomwe Zili Ndi Momwe Zinapangidwira Ndi Jean Piaget

Zamkati

• Psychology yaumunthu ndi amodzi mwa malo ofufuza omwe Jean ìaget adalimbikitsa.
• Psychology yaumunthu: ndichiyani?
• Jean Piaget monga cholembera
• Kukula kwa psychology yamajini
• Kukula kwa lingaliro
• Kodi Piaget adamva bwanji chidziwitso?

Psychology yaumunthu ndi amodzi mwa malo ofufuza omwe Jean ìaget adalimbikitsa.

Dzinalo la psychology psychology mwina silingadziwike kwa ambiri, ndipo zopitilira chimodzi zimakupangitsani kulingalira zamakhalidwe abwinobwino, ngakhale kuti, monga adapangira Piaget, gawo ili la kafukufuku wamaganizidwe silikukhudzana kwenikweni ndi chibadwa.

Psychology yamaganizidwe amayang'ana kwambiri pofufuza ndikufotokozera zamitundu yamaganizidwe amunthu pakukula konse za munthu. Tiyeni tiwone bwino lingaliro ili pansipa.

Psychology yaumunthu: ndichiyani?

Psychology yaumunthu ndi gawo lamaganizidwe lomwe limayang'anira kufufuza njira, kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe awo. Yesetsani kuwona momwe magwiridwe antchito amagwirira ntchito kuyambira ubwana, ndipo fufuzani mafotokozedwe omveka bwino. Gawo lamaganizoli lidapangidwa chifukwa cha zopereka za Jean Piaget, katswiri wama psychology wofunikira kwambiri waku Switzerland mzaka za zana la 20, makamaka pankhani yokhudza zinthu zopanda pake.

Piaget, malinga ndi malingaliro ake okonza zinthu, adatinso njira zonse zamaganizidwe ndi mawonekedwe am'mutu ndizinthu zomwe zimapangidwa m'moyo wonse. Zinthu zomwe zingakhudze makulidwe amalingaliro ena ndi chidziwitso chogwirizana ndi luntha, makamaka, mphamvu zakunja zomwe munthu amalandila pamoyo wake.

Ndizotheka kuti dzina loti psychology psychology limasokeretsa kuganiza kuti likukhudzana ndi kafukufuku wama jini ndi DNA yonse; komabe, titha kunena kuti gawo ili la kafukufuku silikukhudzana kwenikweni ndi cholowa chachilengedwe. Psychology imeneyi ndiyotengera momwe zimakhalira imayankhula za machitidwe amisala, ndiye kuti, liti, motani komanso chifukwa chiyani malingaliro a anthu amapangidwira.

Jean Piaget monga cholembera

Monga tawonera kale, munthu woyimilira kwambiri pamalingaliro amisala yaumunthu ndi munthu wa Jean Piaget, yemwe amadziwika, makamaka pama psychology otukuka, m'modzi mwa akatswiri odziwa zamaganizidwe nthawi zonse, limodzi ndi Freud. ndi Skinner.

Piaget, atapeza digiri ya sayansi, adayamba kuzama mu psychology, motsogozedwa ndi Carl Jung ndi Eugen Bleuler. Patapita nthawi, adayamba kugwira ntchito yophunzitsa pasukulu ku France, komwe adalumikizana ndi momwe ana amakulira mozindikira, zomwe zidamupangitsa kuti ayambe maphunziro ake mu psychology yachitukuko.

Ali komweko, adachita chidwi kuti amvetsetse momwe malingaliro amalingaliro amapangidwira kuyambira ali mwana, kuphatikiza pakusangalatsidwa powona zosintha zomwe zimachitika kutengera gawo lomwe mwanayo anali ndi momwe izi zingakhudzire, nthawi yayitali, muunyamata wawo ndikukula.

Ngakhale maphunziro ake oyamba anali ena omwe sanawonekere, kuyambira zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi pomwe adayamba kutchuka kwambiri mu sayansi yamakhalidwe ndipo, makamaka, mu psychology yachitukuko.

Piaget adafuna kudziwa momwe chidziwitso chidapangidwira komanso, makamaka, momwe chidutsira kuchokera ku chidziwitso cha makanda, momwe mafotokozedwe osavuta amakhala ochulukirapo komanso ochepa kutali ndi 'pano ndi pano', kupita ku zovuta zina, monga wamkulu, mu kuganiza koteroko kuli ndi malo ake.

Katswiri wamaganizowa sanali wokonza zinthu kuyambira pachiyambi. Atayamba kafukufuku wake, adakumana ndi zovuta zingapo. Jung ndi Breuler, omwe adaphunzitsidwa pansi pake, anali pafupi ndi psychoanalysis ndi malingaliro a eugenic, pomwe kafukufuku wofufuza anali wopatsa mphamvu komanso wolingalira, nthawi zina anali pafupi ndi machitidwe. Komabe, Piaget ankadziwa momwe angatengere zomwe zinali zabwino kwambiri panthambi iliyonse, kutengera mtundu wothandizana nawo.

Behaeveal psychology, motsogozedwa ndi Burrhus Frederic Skinner, ndiye amene amatetezedwa kwambiri ndi omwe adayesa, kutengera momwe asayansi amafotokozera, kuti afotokozere zamunthu. Khalidwe lokhazikika kwambiri lidateteza umunthu ndi kuthekera kwamaganizidwe ake zimadalira kwambiri njira zakunja zomwe munthuyo adaziwululira.

Ngakhale Piaget anateteza lingaliroli pang'ono, iye Anaganiziranso zina mwazinthu zomveka bwino. Olingalira amalingalira kuti gwero la chidziwitso limakhazikitsidwa pazifukwa zathu, zomwe ndizapakati kwambiri kuposa zomwe achitetezo amateteza ndipo ndizomwe zimatipangitsa kutanthauzira dziko mosiyanasiyana.

Chifukwa chake, Piaget adasankha masomphenya momwe adaphatikizira kufunikira kwa mawonekedwe akunja a munthuyo ndi chifukwa chake komanso kuthekera kwake kuzindikira pakati pazomwe ziyenera kuphunziridwa, kuphatikiza njira yomwe chophunzitsacho chimaphunzirira.

Piaget adazindikira kuti chilengedwe ndiye chomwe chimayambitsa kukula kwanzeru kwa aliyense, komabe, njira yomwe munthuyo amathandizirana ndi malo omwewo ndiyofunikanso, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti apange chidziwitso chatsopano.

Kukula kwa psychology yamajini

Pomwe malingaliro ake oyanjana nawo adakhazikitsidwa, omwe pamapeto pake adasandulika kukhala a Piagetian monga akumvetsetsa lero, Piaget adachita kafukufuku kuti afotokozere bwino zomwe zinali kukula kwa nzeru za ana.

Poyamba, wama psychologist waku Switzerland adatolera zofananira momwe zimachitikira pakufufuza kwachikhalidwe, komabe sanakonde izi, pachifukwa ichi adasankha kupanga njira yake yofufuzira ana. Ena mwa iwo anali kuwunika kwachilengedwe, kuwunika kwamankhwala, ndi psychometry.

Monga adalumikizana ndi psychoanalysis koyambirira, munthawi yake ngati wofufuza sakanatha kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito maluso amtundu wa psychology; komabe, pambuyo pake adazindikira za kuchepa kwa njira ya psychoanalytic.

Akuyesa kuzindikira momwe malingaliro amunthu amapangidwira pakukula konse ndikufotokozera momveka bwino zomwe amamvetsetsa ngati psychology, Piaget adalemba buku momwe adayesera kujambula zonse zomwe adazipeza ndikuwulula njira yabwino yothanirana ndi kafukufuku wazakuzindikira mu ubwana: Chilankhulo ndi kulingalira mwa ana aang'ono .

Kukula kwa lingaliro

Mwa psychology psychology, komanso kuchokera m'manja mwa Piaget, magawo ena amakulidwe azidziwitso aperekedwa, zomwe zimatilola kumvetsetsa kusinthika kwa malingaliro amwana.

Magawo awa ndi omwe amabwera pambuyo pake, omwe tiwathetsa mwachangu ndikungowunikira omwe ndi malingaliro omwe amaonekera mwa chilichonse.

Kodi Piaget adamva bwanji chidziwitso?

Kwa Piaget, chidziwitso si dziko lokhazikika, koma njira yogwira ntchito. Munthu amene amayesa kudziwa nkhani inayake kapena chochitika chenicheni amasintha malinga ndi zomwe amayesa kudziwa. Ndiye kuti, pali kulumikizana pakati pa phunzirolo ndi chidziwitso.

Empiricism idateteza lingaliro losemphana ndi Piagetian. Ophunzitsawo adati chidziwitsocho sichimangokhala chabe, momwe mutuwo umaphatikizira chidziwitso kuchokera kuzomveka, osafunikira kulowererapo kuti amve zidziwitso zatsopanozi.

Komabe, masomphenya opatsa mphamvu samalola kufotokoza momveka bwino momwe maganizo am'malingaliro ndi chidziwitso chatsopano zimachitikira m'moyo weniweni. Chitsanzo cha ichi tili nacho ndi sayansi, yomwe ikupitilira patsogolo. Sichichita izi mongoyang'ana padziko lapansi, koma mwa kulingalira, kusintha mfundo ndi njira zoyeserera, zomwe zimasiyana kutengera zomwe apeza.