Kukulitsa Chogwiritsira Ntchito Magazi-Ubongo

Wolemba Ubongo & Khalidwe

Ofufuza omwe amatsogozedwa ndi 2016 BBRF Young Investigator Ethan Lippmann, Ph.D., akuti apambana "kupanga" minofu ya mitsempha yomwe imagwira ntchito ngati chotupa chofunikira kwambiri choteteza ubongo, chotchedwa chotchinga magazi-muubongo. Chotchinga chimakhala ngati sefa yosankha, kusunga mamolekyulu akulu kuphatikiza mabakiteriya kuchokera muubongo ndi madzimadzi amtsempha, koma kulola mpweya, glucose, ndi zinthu zina zofunika kulowa.

Ntchitoyi, yomwe idachitika ku Yunivesite ya Vanderbilt ndikusindikizidwa pa 14 February 2019 ku Stem Cell Reports, iyenera kuthandizira kutanthauzira kumasulira kwa malingaliro asayansi pakufufuza za ubongo.

Ngakhale zikhalidwe ziwiri zama cell-brain zidakulilidwa m'mbuyomu, aka ndi koyamba mtundu wazithunzi zitatu womwe umagwira ngati chotchinga magazi m'munthu chapangidwa. Mtunduwo umakula kuchokera kumaselo osankhidwa kuchokera ku mitsempha ya anthu yomwe imapangidwanso kuti ipangidwenso ngati mtundu winawake wamaselo womwe ndi maziko otchinga magazi ndiubongo. Kenako amasonkhanitsidwa pamatrix atatu omwe amagwira ntchito ngati katawala.

Njira yosinthira ma cell, yomwe idachita kafukufuku wamaubongo ndi omwe adalandira a BBRF ndi ena pazaka khumi zapitazi, amatchedwa iPSC, yomwe imayimira ukadaulo wa "cell cell wambiri". Ili ndi ntchito zambiri pamankhwala, makamaka pakupanga mitundu yambiri ya "organoids" - yamoyo, yazikhalidwe zitatu zama cell omwe alumikizidwa kuti apangidwenso ngati mitundu yama cell yapadera yamatupi osiyanasiyana. Njira imodzi yodalirika yoyeserera mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kafukufuku wamatenda ili pakupanga mitundu ya ziwalo zaumunthu, kuti adziwe mphamvu ya mankhwala.

Ngakhale ofufuza adayeserera zamaubongo zapamwamba, njira yatsopano yobwezeretsanso nyumba yomwe imagwira ntchito yotchinga magazi aumunthu, ngati itaphatikizidwa mu ubongo, ingabweretse sayansi poyandikira kwambiri kuti apange "ubongo mu mbale" mokhulupirika onaninso kapangidwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka ubongo weniweni waumunthu, kapena magawo ake.

Kubwereza chotchinga chakumapeto kwa ma neuranoid muubongo ndikofunikira, chifukwa ubongo uyenera kutetezedwa kuzinthu zamagazi.

Cholepheretsa magazi-ubongo chimayamba "kutuluka" m'matenda ena, kuphatikiza matenda ena amitsempha kuphatikiza ALS ndi khunyu. Amakhalanso ovuta kwambiri pamene kutupa m'thupi kumafika pamwamba. Iyi ikhoza kukhala njira imodzi yomwe mamolekyulu otupa amalowa muubongo ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito, mwachitsanzo mu multiple sclerosis.