Kukhala ndi Cholinga M'moyo Kumakulitsanso Chitonthozo ndi Zosiyanasiyana

M'badwo umodzi kuyambira pano, azungu omwe si Achipanishi sadzakhalanso anthu ambiri ku US. Ngakhale azungu apitilizabe kukhala ndi fuko limodzi lalikulu kwambiri, mitundu yocheperako (monga gulu) ikukonzekera kukwaniritsa udindo wawo wonse pofika chaka cha 2042. kulimbikitsidwa kowonjezeka ndi kusiyanasiyana kungakhale kothandiza pothandiza azungu kuti azolowere gulu la anthu amitundu yambiri.

Lingaliro la cholinga m'moyo limalumikizidwa pafupipafupi ndi maubwino ambiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi cholinga amakhala osangalala ¹ , chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi cholimba ² , amachira msanga pochitidwa opaleshoni ³ , ndipo amakhala ndi moyo wautali ⁴ . Tsopano, kafukufuku watsopano ⁵ wopangidwa ndi zoyeserera zitatu zosiyana, zopangidwa ndi a Anthony Burrow ndi a Rachel Sumner aku University ya Cornell, a Patrick Hill aku Carleton University, ndipo ine ndawonetsa kuti anthu acholinga nawonso amakhala omasuka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Poyeserera koyamba, ophunzira 205 Oyera adafunsidwa kuti ayankhe mafunso okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu, umunthu wawo, momwe aliri, komanso masikelo angapo okhazikika omwe adapangidwa kuti athe kuzindikira tanthauzo lawo komanso kutonthoza kwawo ndi kusiyana mitundu. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti kukhala ndi zolinga zazikulu m'moyo kumalumikizidwa ndikumverera bwino ndi mitundu, pamwambapa komanso mopanda tanthauzo pakusintha kulikonse.

Poyesa kwachiwiri, ophunzira 184 oyera onse adawonetsedwa tchati cha pie cholembedwa "2015," chomwe chikuwonetsa molondola kuchuluka kwa anthu aku United States kukhala 62% White ndi 38% ochepa. Chotsatira, theka la omwe adatenga nawo gawo adawonetsedwa tchati chowonjezera chotchedwa "2050," chomwe chikuwonetsa anthu ngati 57% Azungu ndi 43% amitundu ochepa (motero, akuwonetsa azungu omwe akupitilizabe). Hafu inayo ya omwe adatenga nawo gawo adawona tchati cha "2050" chosiyana chomwe chikuwonetsa anthu ngati 53% amitundu ochepa ndi 47% Oyera (motero, kuwonetsa kusintha kwa mitundu yambiri ya anthu). Monga zikuyembekezeredwa, iwo omwe amawona kuchuluka kwa mafuko ambiri akuti awopsezedwa kuposa omwe adawona ma chart akuwonetsa azungu ambiri. Komabe, pakati pa anthu omwe amawona ma chart a pie akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu amitundu, lingaliro la cholinga limalumikizidwa ndi malingaliro ocheperako owopsa.

Poyeserera komaliza, ophunzira 130 Oyera adapemphedwa kuti amalize kulemba mwachidule za tanthauzo lawo kapena kuti alembe za "tsiku lofananira." Ophunzirawo adawonetsedwa mamapu okhala ndi utoto wamizinda yamitundu iwiri yosiyanasiyana (onani pansipa).

Iwo omwe adalemba za cholinga chawo anali otseguka kwambiri kuti aganizire zokhala mumzinda wosiyanasiyana wamitundu poyerekeza ndi omwe adalemba za tsiku lawo.

Ponseponse, zotsatira za zoyesayesa zathu zitatu zimatsimikizira kafukufuku wakale wazotsatira zakusiyanasiyana m'malo osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wopangidwa mu 2013 ⁶ anali ndi ophunzira okwera sitima kudera losiyanasiyana la Chicago. Anthu omwe ankakwera sitima limodzi ndi anthu ochuluka ochokera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana adanenanso zakupsinjika ⁷ . Komabe, anthu omwe anauzidwa kuti alembe za cholinga chawo pamoyo kwa mphindi 10 zokha asanakwere sitimayo sanakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi mavuto amitundu omwe anali m'sitimayo.

Zowona, ofufuza sakudziwa kwenikweni njira zomwe zimathandizira phindu pazinthu zamitundu. Lingaliro lina limanena kuti anthu omwe ali ndi cholinga amakhala olumikizana ndi dziko lonse lapansi. Zochitika zapadziko lonsezi zitha kupangitsa anthu kulingalira zomwe zimatengera kuti zinthu zikuwayendere bwino mtsogolo mophatikiza komanso mosiyanasiyana. Komabe, kufufuza kwina kumafunikira moyenera kuti tiwunikire bwino ntchito yopindulitsa yazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.

Zolemba:

1. Bronk, K. C., Hill, P. L., Lapsley, D. K., Talib, N., & Finch, H. (2009). Cholinga, chiyembekezo, komanso kukhutira ndi moyo m'magulu atatu azaka. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4 , 500–510.

2. Fredrickson, B. L., Grewen, K. M., Coffey, K. A., Algoe, S. B., Firestine, A. M., Arevalo, J. M., ... & Cole, S. W. (2013). Magwiridwe antchito pamaubwino amunthu. Kukula kwa National Academy of Science , 110 (33), 13684-13689.

3. Kim, E. S., Sun, J. K., Park, N., Kubzansky, L. D., & Peterson, C. (2013). Cholinga pamoyo ndi kuchepa kwa chiwopsezo cha infarction yam'mnyewa wamtima pakati pa achikulire aku US omwe ali ndi matenda amtima: kutsatira zaka ziwiri. Zolemba zamankhwala , 36 (2), 124-133.

4. Hill, P. L., Turiano, NA (2014). Cholinga m'moyo monga wolosera zakufa mpaka munthu wamkulu. Sayansi Yamaganizidwe , 25.

5. Burrow, A. L., Stanley, M., Sumner, R., & Hill, P. L. (2014). Cholinga Chamoyo pamoyo Wanu Chothandizira Kulimbikitsana Ndi Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana. Makhalidwe ndi Psychology ya Anthu , 40 (11), 1507-1516.

6. Burrow, A. L., & Hill, P. L. (2013). Kuchepetsedwa ndi kusiyanasiyana? Cholinga chimasokoneza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa mafuko am'masitima ndi kusayenda bwino kwa anthu. Makhalidwe ndi Psychology ya Anthu , 39 (12), 1610-1619.

7. Kuti muwone zovuta zosiyanasiyana, onani nkhani ya Robert Putnam yotchedwa "E Pluribus Unum: Diversity and Community in the Twenty-Century The 2006 Johan Skytte Prize Lecture."