Kodi Kuganiza Kwachiwerewere ndi Ukapolo N'kochepa Motani?

Zamkati

• Mfundo zazikuluzikulu

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu

• Ofufuzawa afufuza zakuchuluka kwakugwiririra ndi malingaliro akapolo pakati pa anthu wamba.
• Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti kuyerekezera kugwiririra ndi ukapolo ndizofala pakati pa abambo ndi amai.
• Malingaliro amenewa nthawi zambiri amangotengedwa ngati vuto ngati atayambitsa mavuto kapena ngati munthuyo atenga nawo gawo pazolingalira zosagwirizana.

Kuyambira pomwe gulu la #MeToo lidayamba mu 2017, pakhala pali chidwi padziko lonse lapansi pazovuta zachiwawa chogonana. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ikuyerekeza kuti azimayi opitilira 1 mwa atatu ndi amuna amodzi mwa amuna anayi amachitiridwa nkhanza zokhudzana ndi kugonana m'moyo wawo wonse. Pofuna kupewa zachiwerewere, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe zimawopsa. Malinga ndi CDC, zomwe zimawopseza kuti achitiridwa nkhanza zakugonana zimaphatikizira koma sizimangokhala kuzunza, nkhanza, mbiri yakuzunzidwa kwa ana komanso kuzunzidwa, umphawi, komanso zikhalidwe zina zomwe zimathandizira zachiwerewere komanso kuperewera kwa azimayi.

Dera lina lomwe lafufuzidwa kuti lingayambitse chiopsezo cha nkhanza zakugonana ndizosangalatsa zokhudzana ndi kugwiriridwa ndi ukapolo. Zikuwoneka zomveka kuti wina yemwe angachite chiwerewere ndi malingaliro okhumudwitsa (kupeza chisangalalo chakugonana popweteka kapena kunyozetsa munthu wina kapena iyemwini) atha kuchita izi. Komabe, palibe kafukufuku wochepa wothandizira kulumikizana kumeneku. Ngakhale pali umboni wina woti iwo omwe amachita zachiwerewere amakhala ndi malingaliro olakwika pazakugonana, makumi asanu a Shades of Gray phenomenon (bukulo Makumi Asanu a Mvi, zomwe zimakhudza BDSM, linali limodzi mwa mabuku achikulire omwe amagulitsidwa mwachangu kwambiri ndipo pambuyo pake adapangidwa kukhala zithunzi zingapo zoyenda), akuwonetsa kuti malingaliridwe oterewa sangakhale okhawo omwe amachita zachiwerewere. M'malo mwake, ofufuza anali kulingalira zowonjezera matenda opatsirana a paraphilic coercive (kuwukitsidwa ndi kusagwirizana, mwachitsanzo, kugwiriridwa) ku mtundu waposachedwa wa Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM-5, lomwe ndi Baibulo la odwala matenda amisala matenda ku United States), koma adakanidwanso, popeza kunalibe umboni wokwanira wosonyeza kuti matendawa alipo chifukwa cha anthu ambiri omwe amavomereza zoterezi.

Kuti mufufuze ngati malingaliro akugwiririra ndi ukapolo anali osochera, ofufuza angapo adafufuza kuchuluka kwawo. Kafukufuku wina yemwe adachitika ndi akulu 1,516 ku Quebec, Canada adapeza kuti malingaliro olamulira anali ofala mwa amuna ndi akazi, pomwe malingaliro okhudza kugwiriridwa analipo mwa azimayi 28.9% ndi amuna 30.7%, ndipo malingaliro okhudza kugwiririra wina akuti ndi 10.8% azimayi ndi 22% ya amuna monga tawonera pansipa. Chodabwitsa ndichakuti, azimayi opitilira 10% ndi amuna 22% amawauza akuganiza zakuzunza munthu amene waledzera, wagona, kapena wakomoka.

• Amachita chidwi ndi chidwi chogonedwa (azimayi 64.6%; amuna 53.3%)
• Amachita chidwi ndi kupondereza wina (46.7% akazi; amuna 59.6%)
• Amachita chidwi ndi kumangidwa ndi wina kuti apeze chisangalalo chogonana (52.1% akazi; 46.2% amuna)
• Amachita chidwi ndi kumangiriza wina kuti apeze chisangalalo chogonana (akazi a 41.7%; amuna 48.4%)
• Amachita chidwi chokwapula kapena kukwapula wina kuti asangalale ndi chiwerewere (akazi 23.8%; amuna 43.5%)
• Amachita chidwi ndi kukwapulidwa kapena kukwapulidwa wina kuti apeze chisangalalo chogonana (akazi 36.3%; amuna 28.5%)
• Amachita chidwi ndi kukakamizidwa kugonana (28.9% azimayi; 30.7% amuna)
• Amachita chidwi ndi kukakamiza wina kuti agone (azimayi 10.8%; 22.0% amuna)
• Amaganiziridwa zakugwiririra munthu amene waledzera, atagona, kapena atakomoka (amayi 10.8%; amuna 22.6%)

Kafukufuku wofanananso adachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito oyimira akulu aku US ndipo adapeza kuti mwa achikulire omwe adasanthula zikhalidwe zakugonana izi akuti anali osangalatsa kapena osangalatsa:

• Kumanga wokondedwa wanu kapena kumangidwa ngati gawo lachiwerewere (amuna 28.5%; akazi 29.5%)
• Kukwapula kosangalatsa kwa kukwapulidwa ndi wokondedwa wanu ngati gawo logonana (amuna 20.7%; 20% akazi)
• Kukwapula kapena kumenyedwa ngati gawo logonana (26% amuna; 30.6% akazi)
• Kugonana mwamphamvu (amuna 42.1%; akazi 40%)
• Kupita kukalabu, phwando, kapena ndende ya BDSM (amuna 8.2%; akazi 5.9%)
• Kuluma kapena kumenyedwa ngati gawo lachiwerewere (amuna 44.5%; akazi 43.2%)
• Kukumana ndi zowawa monga gawo lachiwerewere (amuna 8.5%; akazi 14.2%)

Ena aganiza kuti kuyerekezera kwakugwiriridwa pakati pa akazi kwenikweni ndikulingalira zakugonjetsedwa mwamphamvu. Pofufuza izi, kafukufuku wina wa 355 azimayi omaliza maphunziro ku US, ofufuza adapeza kuti 62% mwa azimayiwo adanenanso zongopeka zogwiririra. Mwa iwo, 9% adanenanso zakugonana kosagwirizana kwathunthu (osagwirizana ndi kukana konse), 45% adanenanso zachiwerewere (zonamizira kuti sizinavomereze), ndipo 46% adanenanso zachiwerewere komanso zodabwitsazi (zimayamba kuvomerezana kenako osakhala- kuvomereza) ngakhale kuti kwa azimayi ena malingaliro ogwiririra atha kukhala okonda zachiwerewere, ena amangoganiza zongogwiririra.

Zotsatira izi zikuwonetsa kuti malingaliro akugwiririra ndi ukapolo ndiofala pakati pa abambo ndi amai ndipo sayenera kuwonedwa ngati osokonekera. Malingaliro oterewa amangofunika kuwawona ngati ovuta kapena ovuta ngati amamupangitsa kuti akhale ndi nkhawa kapena ngati munthuyo atenga nawo gawo pazolingalira zosagwirizana.