Kuyankhulana Kwamagulu: Kodi Ndi Chiyani Ndipo Ndi Makhalidwe Ati

Zamkati

• Chidule chomwe chingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe amomwe amalumikiziranawa.
• Zinthu zamagulu
• Zinthu zofunika
• 1. Tsogolo limodzi
• 2. Kufanana
• 3. Kuyandikira
• Kuyankhulana kwamagulu: ndichani?
• Mawonekedwe
• Mfundo zoyankhulirana m'magulu
• 1. Mfundo yachiyanjano
• 2. Mfundo yodziwika
• 3. Mfundo yachifundo
• Njira zolumikizirana zamkati m'makampani
• Madera olumikizirana m'magulu
• 1. Malo aulere
• 2. Malo akhungu
• 3. Malo obisika
• 4. Malo osadziwika
• Kusintha kwa madera anayiwo komanso kulumikizana kwamagulu
• Cholinga cha gulu logwirira ntchito

Chidule chomwe chingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe amomwe amalumikiziranawa.

Kodi mukudziwa zomwe kulumikizana kwamagulu angapo kumapangidwa? Munkhaniyi tikambirana za lingaliro ili: tanthauzo lake, ntchito zake ndi mfundo zitatu zomwe zimayendetsa. Koma choyamba tiwunika lingaliro la gulu, lofunikira kuti timvetsetse njira zolumikizirana zamagulu.

Pomaliza, tikambirana zaukadaulo wa zenera la Johari, wopangidwa ndi Luft ndi Ingram (1970) ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani kusanthula kulumikizana kwapakati pagulu (mkati) komwe kumachitika mgulu la ogwira ntchito.

Zinthu zamagulu

Kuti timvetsetse bwino lingaliro la kulumikizana pagulu, tikhulupirira kuti ndikofunikira kudziwa kaye zomwe zimamveka ngati gulu, popeza kulumikizana kwamagulu, monga tionera, ndizomwe zimachitika mkati (kapena mkati) mwa gulu.

Potengera gulu ndi psychology yamagulu, timapeza matanthauzo angapo a gulu. Tasankha, kukhala athunthu, a Mc David ndi Harari. Olembawa akuti gulu ndi "dongosolo lokonzedwa ndi anthu awiri kapena kupitilira apo omwe amachita zina, maubale pakati pa mamembala ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zimayendetsa ntchitoyi."

Komanso, gululi limakhala ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe, ngakhale sizimagwirizana mothandizana ndi gulu (kudzera kulumikizana kwamagulu), zitha kuzindikirika ngati gawo la gulu (gulu).

Zinthu zofunika

Koma ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimatsimikizira malamulo a gulu? Malinga ndi wolemba wina, Shaw, kuti gulu la omvera likhale gulu, zinthu zitatuzi ziyenera kukhalapo (sikuti olemba onse ali ndi lingaliro limodzi):

1. Tsogolo limodzi

Izi zikutanthauza kuti mamembala ake onse amakumana ndi zokumana nazo zofananira, ndikuti ali ndi cholinga chofanana.

2. Kufanana

Mamembala a gululi ndi ofanana potengera mawonekedwe owoneka.

3. Kuyandikira

Khalidwe ili Zimakhudzana ndi malo omwe gulu limagawana nawo, zomwe zimathandizira kuwona gululi ngati chinthu chimodzi.

Kuyankhulana kwamagulu: ndichani?

Tisanapitilize, tifotokozera za kulumikizana kwapagulu. Kuyankhulana kwapakati ndi kulumikizana komwe kumachitika pakati pa gulu la anthu a gulu limodzi. Zimaphatikizapo kuyanjana konse komwe kumachitika mgulu lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi cholinga chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe anthu amakonda kapena zomwe amakonda.

Mwanjira ina, kulumikizana pagulu kumaphatikizapo kusinthana konse komwe kumachitika pakati pa mamembala osiyanasiyana omwe amapanga gulu lomwelo. Zimaphatikizapo machitidwe ndi machitidwe, zokambirana, malingaliro, zikhulupiriro, ndi zina zambiri. (zonse zomwe zimagawidwa mgulu pazifukwa zilizonse).

Mawonekedwe

Kuyankhulana kwam'magulu kumatenga gawo lanji mgulu? Makamaka, zimamupatsa dongosolo laling'ono komanso bungwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ndimaperekanso gululi pazofunikira kuti lizitha kuyankhula ndi magulu ena.

Ntchito yachiwiriyi imapangidwa chifukwa cha kulumikizana kapena chitukuko, netiweki yolola yomwe imalola magulu kulumikizana, ndiko kuti, kusinthana chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso.

Kuyankhulana kwapakati pa gulu komwe kumachitika m'magulu itha kukhala yovomerezeka kapena yopanda tanthauzo, ndipo mitundu iwiri yolumikizirana imalola gulu kukula, kukula, kusamalira ndipo, pamapeto pake, amalumikizana motere. Zachidziwikire, kusinthana kwamtundu ndi kosakhazikika kumasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe awo, inde.

Mfundo zoyankhulirana m'magulu

Titha kukambirana mpaka mfundo zitatu zomwe zimayang'anira kulumikizana kwamagulu (zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito polumikizana pakati pa magulu, zomwe zimachitika pakati pamagulu):

1. Mfundo yachiyanjano

Mfundo iyi yolumikizirana pagulu imanena kukhala omasuka kwa anzathu pofotokoza malingaliro athu ndi momwe akumvera.

2. Mfundo yodziwika

Mfundo yodziwikiratu ikutanthawuza kukhala ndi malingaliro akumvera (ngakhale "kuyang'ana") kwa anzathu, Kuvula tokha tsankho ndi malingaliro ena ndipo nthawi zonse timapewa kuweruziratu kapena kusayenerera machitidwewo, malingaliro kapena malingaliro a winayo mwa kungokhala osagwirizana nawo.

3. Mfundo yachifundo

Mfundo yachitatu yolumikizirana m'magulu (komanso kulumikizana) ikukhudzana mtima wabwino womwe umatilola ife kulowa mu malingaliro ndi malingaliro a winayo, inde, osadzikana tokha.

Kuphatikiza apo, zimaphatikizaponso kuzindikira kuti malingaliro ndi malingaliro a winayo ndi osiyana, ndipo ndi njira yokhayo yokhazikitsira ubale wapamtima kapena kuwamvera chisoni.

Njira zolumikizirana zamkati m'makampani

Njira imeneyi, yopangidwa ndi Luft ndi Ingram (1970) amatchedwa "Windo la Johari", ndipo cholinga chake ndikuwunika kulumikizana kwamagulu m'magulu antchito. Kuti tigwiritse ntchito, tiyenera kulingalira kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi zenera longoyerekeza, lotchedwa zenera la Johari.

Windo ili limalola aliyense kulumikizana ndi gulu lonse, ndipo zenera lililonse limasonyeza kukula kwa kulumikizana pakati pa munthuyo ndi mamembala ena onse a gululo kapena gululo.

Madera olumikizirana m'magulu

Olemba njirayi akupereka magawo anayi omwe adakonzedwa pakulumikizana kwamagulu, ndi kuti Pangani maziko a mawindo a zenera la Johari kuti awunikire njira yolankhulirana iyi m'magulu antchito.

1. Malo aulere

Ndi malo omwe mbali zonse zomwe timadziwa za ife zimapezeka, zomwe ena amadziwanso. Izi nthawi zambiri ndi zinthu zomwe tikhoza kukambirana bwinobwino, zomwe sizimabweretsa vuto lalikulu.

Dera lino nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa m'magulu atsopano ogwira ntchito, motero kulumikizana kwaulere komanso moona mtima.

2. Malo akhungu

M'dera lino muli zinthu zomwe ena amaziwona ndikudziwa za ife, koma zomwe sitikuwona kapena kuzindikira ndi maso (mwachitsanzo, kuwona mtima mopitilira muyeso, kusowa tcheru, zizolowezi zazing'ono zomwe zitha kukhumudwitsa kapena kukwiyitsa ena, ndi zina zambiri .).

3. Malo obisika

Ndi malo omwe zonse zomwe timadziwa za ife zimapezeka, koma zomwe timakana kuwulula, chifukwa ndi nkhani zathu kwa ife, zokondana kapena zomwe sitikufuna kufotokoza (chifukwa cha mantha, manyazi, kukayikira zachinsinsi chathu, ndi zina zambiri).

4. Malo osadziwika

Pomaliza, mdera lachinayi loyankhulana pagulu lomwe a Luft ndi Ingram tikupeza mbali zonse zomwe ife kapena anthu ena onse (pankhaniyi, ena onse ogwira nawo ntchito) sitidziwa (kapena sakuzidziwa).

Izi ndi mbali zina (zikhalidwe, zolimbikitsira…) zomwe zitha kudziwika ndi anthu akunja kwa gulu, ndipo zitha kukhala gawo lazomwe zidachitika kale.

Kusintha kwa madera anayiwo komanso kulumikizana kwamagulu

Kupitilira ndi zenera la Johari, pomwe gululi (pamenepa, gulu logwira ntchito) limasintha ndikukula, momwemonso kulumikizana kwake pagulu. Izi zimapangitsa kukula m'dera loyambalo (dera laulere), chifukwa kudalirana pakati pa mamembala kumakula pang'onopang'ono ndikukambirana zambiri, kuulula zambiri, ndi zina zambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu pang'onopang'ono amabisala pang'ono ndikuwulula zambiri za iwo eni.

Chifukwa chake, zidziwitso zikadutsa pakati pa malo obisika ndi malo aulere, izi zimatchedwa kuti kutsegula (ndiye kuti, tikamaulula "zobisika" za ife, ndikuzisiya "zaulere").

Kumbali yake, dera lachiwiri, malo akhungu, ndi omwe amatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuti achepetse kukula, popeza izi zikutanthawuza kuyitanitsa chidwi cha wina chifukwa cha malingaliro kapena machitidwe ena omwe anali nawo omwe sitinakonde.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zikhalidwe zomwe zimasokoneza kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka gulu. Kubweretsa izi poyera kumatchedwa mayankho ogwira mtima.

Cholinga cha gulu logwirira ntchito

Ponena za kulumikizana kwamagulu am'magulu antchito, komanso ponena za madera omwe atchulidwawa, cholinga cha maguluwa ndikuti pang'ono ndi pang'ono gawo laulere limawonjezeka, ndipo zolepheretsa, zinsinsi kapena kusowa chidziwitso zimachepa (ngakhale kuthetsedwa). khulupirirani gululo.