Kukumbukira a Robin Williams ndi Chifukwa Chomwe Clown Amalira

Zamkati

• Kuwerenga Kwambiri kwa Dopamine
• Kugula, Dopamine, ndi Chiyembekezo

Ndinakumana ndi Robin Williams ku Paramount Studios koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 80. Anali wamtopola, woseketsa, komanso wokoma mtima kwambiri. Nthaŵi ndi nthaŵi, ndinkamuwona pamaphwando kuzungulira tawuniyo. Panali zovuta za cocaine ku Hollywood masiku amenewo. Panali mankhwala osokoneza bongo a cocaine, ndipo mavuto okhawo anali atatha, kupeza ATM, komanso kukhala ndi wogulitsa coke yemwe amapulumutsa. Ndizoseketsa momwe Hollywood ilili. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 80, cocaine inali chinthucho. Kenako chakumapeto kwa zaka khumi, kuyeretsedwa komanso kusachita zinthu mopitirira malire chinali chinthucho. Anthu ena amakhala oyera komanso osasamala, enafe tidabwereranso ndi zosokoneza zosiyanasiyana.

Kumvetsetsa Kuledzera

Kumapeto kwa tsikulo, zizolowezi zina ndi zizolowezi zomwe zidayamba monga mayendedwe olunjika (G / D) mu preortal cortex (PFC), kapena ventral striatum yomwe idadzetsa mayankho olimbikitsa (S / R) mu dorsal striatum, chifukwa cha kubwereza. ^1-7

Kuphatikiza apo, ventral ndi dorsal striatum imatulutsa dopamine, ngakhale imagwiritsa ntchito mosiyana, imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana muubongo. Mu dorsal striatum, dopamine imayambitsa kanthu, koma mu ventral striatum, imawonetsa mphotho. ^12,16,23-26 Chifukwa chake, kutulutsidwa kwa dopamine mu ventral striatum kumakupangitsani kufuna kuchita kanthu chifukwa mukuyembekezera mphotho yochita. Evolution idapereka dopamine yochulukirapo kutipangitsa ife kufuna kuchita kena kake koposa pakuchitadi chifukwa kutipangitsa kufuna kuchita chinthu ndikofunikira pakuchichita. Tikayamba kuchita, masewerawa atha. ^27-31 Chifukwa chake, anthu sazindikira kuti kuledzera kumapangitsa miyoyo yawo kukhala yopanda tanthauzo chifukwa a) kufuna kuchita izi ndizomwe zimamveka bwino, osazichita, ndipo b) kubwereza kubwereza cholinga chotsogozedwa ndi, "Ndikufuna A kotero ndichita B" kukhala Khalidwe la S / R la ndikawona AI akuchita B. Zili ngati kulowa mchipinda, kudziwa kuti babu watuluka, komabe mumatsegula chizolowezi chazizolowezi. Kuyenda m'chipinda chamdima ndiko komwe kumalimbikitsa, kubweza switch ndiyo yankho. Lingaliro likachotsedwa munjira yankho limakhala chizolowezi.

Chifukwa chake ndikulimbana ndi Robin William, ndimamvetsetsa. Ayi, sindinkamudziwa bwino, ndipo ndinali ndisanamuwone kwa zaka zambiri, koma ndimadziwa bwino kwambiri ndipo ndimaziwona tsiku lililonse. Izi ndikudziwa. Sichitenga akaidi, ndipo sichidziwa kumtunda kuchokera pansi, wotchuka kuchokera kosadziwika, wolemera kuchokera kwa osawuka, mafuko, mayiko, komanso kulowerera ndale. Zilibe kanthu kuti mukuchita bwino motani, ndani amakukondani komanso kuchuluka kwake. Kuledzera kumakhala kosiyana kwambiri ndipo ubongo wanu umachita bwino kwambiri: kutha kwa nkhani. ^32-35

Kuledzera ndi Kukhumudwa

Kuledzera ndi kukhumudwa kuli ngati shuga wa booger ndi mphuno zopanda tsitsi. Kumene mungapeze imodzi, mumapezako inayo. ^36-41 Mpaka posachedwa wasayansi amaganiza kuti pali maziko amitsempha yamavuto akulu okhumudwitsa. Komabe, tikuphunzira kuti zovuta zazikulu zakukhumudwa zimalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa zigawo za Central Nervous System (CNS). ^42-46 Kafukufuku apezanso kuti ma cell a glia ocheperako komanso ocheperako, komanso ma neuron, m'malo opunduka aubongo amatha kukhala ndi zovuta zazikulu. ⁴⁴

Iyi ndi sayansi yatsopano, ndipo sitinafotokozere mwatsatanetsatane kusintha kwamachitidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito muubongo ndi Central Nervous System zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwakukulu. Komabe, ganizirani izi monga chonchi. Maselo a Glia amatenga nawo mbali pakutsuka. Kusungunuka kuli ngati kachingwe kama rabara mozungulira mawaya. Mukudziwa zomwe zimachitika ma waya akayamba kusokonekera ndipo waya wamagetsi awululidwa. Momwemonso, mumadziwanso zomwe zimachitika mawaya akakhala ochepa kwambiri kuti anyamule zamakono.

Kodi tiyenera kutenga chiyani kuchokera kumwalira kwa a Robin Williams? Izi: Kulimbana ndi chizolowezi chomangokhalira kukhumudwa sikumangotengera zomwe inu muli, momwe mumakhalira, kapena momwe moyo wanu ulili, koma za zomwe ubongo wanu ungathe komanso sungathe kupirira, komanso kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji. Moyo wa Robin Williams udatipatsa chisangalalo chachikulu; zizindikiro zake zidatipatsa chisoni chachikulu. Koma moyo umayendetsedwa ndi injini yosiyanitsa, ndipo popanda chisoni, chisangalalo sichingakhale chopindulitsa. Chifukwa chake, mwina mwanjira yaying'ono iyi imfa yake idayamikirira moyo wake, mwakuti inali yodabwitsa, ngakhale, yomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Anali ndi mavuto ake osokoneza bongo monga ambiri a ife, ndipo nkhawa idamupeza, monganso ambiri a ife. Phunziro pamenepo: monga mukudziwa kuti kuli dzuwa, ngakhale kukugwa mvula; monga mumakhulupirira chikondi ngakhale simungamve; masiku ngati ano, muyenera kukhulupirira chilengedwe chonse, ngakhale simungamvetse chomwe chiri, kapena chifukwa chake, Chilengedwe chikuchita, zomwe Akuchita. Khalani okongola komanso odabwitsa.

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Zolemba

1. Clemens KJ, Castino MR, Cornish JL, Goodchild AK, Holmes NM. Makhalidwe Abwino ndi Neural Magawo a Kupanga Makoswe M'mitsempha Yodzilamulira Yokha Nicotine. Neuropsychopharmacology. Meyi 14.

2. Xie K, Martemyanov KA. Kuwongolera kwa kuwonetsa kwa striatal ndi g mapuloteni owongolera. Kutsogolo Neuroanat. 5:49.

3. Wanzeru RA, Koob GF. Kukula ndi kukonza mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Neuropsychopharmacology. Jan; 39 (2): 254-62. (Adasankhidwa)

4.Yin HHPD. Kuchokera Pazochita Kukhala Zizolowezi: Ma Neuroadaptations Akutsogolera Kudalira. Mowa Res Health. 2008 Sep; 31 (4): 340-7.

Kuwerenga Kwambiri kwa Dopamine

Kugula, Dopamine, ndi Chiyembekezo