Zowopsa Zokhudza Kukhumudwa Pakati pa Mimba

Zamkati

• Zowopsa za 8 Zokhudzana ndi Kukhumudwa Kwa Nthawi Yakubereka
• Chigawo cha Black-ish pa Kukhumudwa kwa Postpartum

• Zinthu zitatu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa ndikubadwa ndi mbiri yakukhumudwa, kusowa chithandizo pagulu, komanso zachiwawa, kafukufuku akuwonetsa.
• Kukula kwa kukhumudwa panthawi yapakati pakadali pano kuli 15 mpaka 21 peresenti, ngakhale itha kukhala kuti ikukula.
• Pali zolipira zakuthupi ndi zamaganizidwe kusiya kusiyanasiyana, koma chithandizo chimapezeka kwa iwo omwe amafunikira.

Kafukufuku watsopano wa Yin ndi anzawo, ofalitsidwa mu nkhani ya February 2021 ya Kubwereza kwa Clinical Psychology , amawunika kuchuluka komanso zoopsa zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa panthawi yapakati (yomwe imadziwika kuti kupsinjika kwa amayi asanabadwe).

Ndemanga za terminology: Kupatula pa mawu akuti kukhumudwa ndi kubereka, mawu akuti kupsinjika mtima kwa amayi asanabadwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kutanthauza zomwe zimachitika kukhumudwa panthawi yapakati komanso kale kubereka. Mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza kupsinjika kwa amayi komwe kumachitika panthawi yapakati kapena posachedwa pambuyo kubereka kumaphatikizapo kupsinjika kwa m'mimba (kukhumudwa komwe kumayambira nthawi yapakati kapena mpaka milungu ingapo kuchokera pobereka) ndi kupsinjika kwa pambuyo pobereka (kukhumudwa komwe kumachitika kokha pambuyo pobereka).

Kukhumudwa panthawi yapakati kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, monga kukulitsa mwayi wokhumudwa ukabereka. Zowonadi, mawu akuti kukhumudwa kwa peripartum adayambitsidwa mu DSM-5 chifukwa cha kafukufuku yemwe akuwonetsa kuti theka la zochitika zamankhwala osokoneza bongo pambuyo pobereka zimayamba asanabadwe.

Kuti timvetsetse bwino zomwe zimayambitsa kukhumudwa panthawi yapakati, tiyeni tiwunikenso kafukufuku wa Yin ndi omwe adachita nawo nawo ntchitoyi.

Olembawo adasanthula mabuku ndikusankha zolemba za 173 (malipoti odziyimira pawokha 182) kuti aphatikize ndikuwunika meta.

Maphunzirowa adachokera ku mayiko 50 (39 mwa 173 ochokera ku US). Zitsanzo zazithunzi kuyambira 21 mpaka 35,000 ya anthu. Kukula kwazitsanzo zonse kunali 197,047.

Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi (malipoti 93) ya kukhumudwa kwa amayi obadwa kumene inali Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale kapena EPDS. EPDS ili ndi zinthu 10, zomwe zimayesa izi: kuseka, kudziimba mlandu, kusangalala, nkhawa, mantha, kuthana ndi mavuto, mavuto ogona, chisoni, kulira, ndi kudzivulaza.

Njira zina zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo Center for Epidemiologic Study Depression Scale (CES-D), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), ndi Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

Zowopsa za 8 Zokhudzana ndi Kukhumudwa Kwa Nthawi Yakubereka

Pazoyeserera za 173, kuchuluka kwakuchulukitsa kwa zodandaula zakubadwa nako kunali 21% -koma 15% ya kukhumudwa kwakukulu (mayesero 72).

Mwambiri, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa kupsinjika kwa amayi asanakwane kunalumikizidwa ndi kafukufuku yemwe wachitika posachedwa (pambuyo pa 2010), m'maiko omwe amalandira ndalama zochepa, komanso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafunso omwe amadzipangira okha (mosiyana ndi zoyankhulana zamankhwala).

Pofufuza zomwe zimayambitsa chiwopsezo cha amayi asanabadwe, ofufuza adasanthula meta pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zingapo kuchokera ku maphunziro a 35 omwe amafotokoza zodalirika. Izi zidaphatikizira kufanana (mwachitsanzo kuchuluka kwa obadwa), ziwawa, ulova, kutenga mimba osakonzekera, mbiri yakusuta (kuphatikiza nthawi yapakati), banja, kuthandizira anthu, komanso mbiri yakukhumudwa. Zotsatira zinawonetsa kuti zoopsa zonsezi, kupatula mgwirizano, zinali ndi mgwirizano waukulu ndi kukhumudwa kwa amayi obadwa nawo.

Zomwe zaphatikizika (OR) zalembedwa pansipa (CI amatanthauza nthawi yazikhulupiriro):

1. Mbiri yakukhumudwa: OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 2.25, 4.47.
2. Kupanda chithandizo: OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.76, 5.56.
3. Zochitika zachiwawa: OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 2.26, 3.27.
4. Udindo wosagwira ntchito: OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.76, 3.29.
5. Maukwati (osakwatiwa / osudzulidwa): OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.80, 3.13.
6. Kusuta panthawi yapakati: OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.95.
7. Kusuta musanatenge mimba: OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.63, 2.38.
8. Mimba yosakonzekera: OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.40, 2.47.