Kudzinyenga ndi Kupewa: Chifukwa Chiyani Timachita Zomwe Timachita?

Zamkati

• Nthawi zina kudzinyenga nokha kumatha kukhala njira yodzitetezera kwakanthawi.
• Zifukwa zopewera
• Kugwiritsa ntchito kudzidalira
• Zoyenera kuchita?

Nthawi zina kudzinyenga nokha kumatha kukhala njira yodzitetezera kwakanthawi.

Kunama ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zathu zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi chisinthiko. Mwanjira ina, izo amatithandiza kupulumuka nthawi zina.

Chifukwa chake, kudzinyenga kuli ndi ntchito ziwiri: poyamba, kumalola kunyenga ena m'njira yabwinoko (popeza palibe amene amanama kuposa munthu amene amadzinamiza), zomwe zimathandiza makamaka munthawi yomwe kuthekera kofanana ndi ena (social intelligence) yatsogola, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri ngati chida chofunikira (onani bizinesi iliyonse). Izi sizitanthauza kuti kupusitsa ndi kunama ndi malingaliro awiri ofanana, koma mwina mukasaina mgwirizano ndi kampani palibe amene akukuuzani kuti "tikungofuna ndalama zanu."

Mbali inayi, Kudzinyenga ndi njira yopezera kudzidalira kwathu ndipo ndiyokhudzana ndi kupewa. Inde, kudzinyenga ndi njira yopewa. Ndipo timapewa chiyani?

Zifukwa zopewera

Timapewa kukhumudwa mwanjira zaluso kwambiri zomwe mungaganizire. Mwachitsanzo, malinga ndi mtundu wopewa kupewa, kuda nkhawa, monga vuto lalikulu la nkhawa, kungakwaniritse ntchito yopewa kupezeka pa "pansi", posintha kuchoka pakukhala ndi malingaliro abwino ndikukhala ndi malingaliro osalimbikitsa (china monga "popeza mavuto ndi gawo losapeweka Za moyo, ngati ndili ndi nkhawa pomwe zonse zikuyenda bwino, ndine wokonzeka nthawi zina zinthu zikasokonekera). Mwachidule, ndi mtundu wina wopondereza.

Kuda nkhawa kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kusowa kwa vuto, monga kuyesa kuthana ndi vutoli. Ndikudandaula za vuto, ndimamva ngati ndikupanga "china chake" kuti ndichithetse, ngakhale sichichitikadi, motero ndikuchepetsa nkhawa zanga zakusathetsa vutoli. Hypochondria, komano, ndi njira yodziwira mawonekedwe odziyesa (wodwalayo amadzidalira kwambiri kotero kuti amakhulupirira kuti zonse zimamuchitikira). Mwazinthu zachilengedwe izi zikutanthauza kuti ubongo wathu ndi waulesi.

Kudzinyenga tokha ndi chigamba chomwe chisinthiko chimatipangira posalephera kutipangitsa kukhala anzeru kapena otha kuthana ndi zofuna zakunja. Kapenanso, ndichifukwa chakulephera kwa mitundu ya anthu kusintha komanso sinthani liwiro limodzi ndi dziko lomwe tikukhalalo.

Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti Festinger osazindikira zakusokonekera amatanthauza kusapeza komwe kumachitika chifukwa chosagwirizana pakati pa zomwe timakhulupirira ndi zomwe timachita. Pachifukwa ichi timadzinyenga tokha kuti tifotokozere zomwe tichite.

Kuzindikira ndi njira ina yodzinyenga yomwe timapereka kufotokozera kowoneka bwino kwa zomwe tachita kale izo siziri kapena izo zinalibe chifukwa chomveka chochitira izo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kudzidalira

Tiyeni tifotokoze izi: kudzidalira kapena kudziyesa tokha tokha potengera momwe tili, zomwe timachita komanso chifukwa chake timachita, Zimabweretsa kusapeza ngati zili zoipa.

Kusokonezeka ndikumverera kosinthika komwe ntchito yake ndikulingalira zomwe zili zolakwika m'moyo wathu kuti tisinthe. Komabe, ubongo wathu, womwe uli wanzeru kwambiri komanso wosafuna kusintha, umati "ndichifukwa chiyani tisintha zinthu zazing'ono m'miyoyo yathu, kukumana ndi zowona zomwe zimatipweteka kapena kutipangitsa mantha, kutenga zoopsa monga kusiya ntchito, kuyankhula ndi munthu wina za nkhani yosasangalatsa, ndi zina zambiri, pomwe m'malo mwake titha kuganiziranso izi ndikudziuza tokha kuti tili bwino ndipo potero tipewa kuvutika, kupewa zinthu zomwe zingatipangitse kukhala omasuka, kupewa mantha… ”.

Kudzinyenga komanso kupewa ndi njira zochepetsera ndalama kuti ubongo ugwiritse ntchito kusintha kulumikizana, kumasuliridwa mumakhalidwe, malingaliro ndi zikhalidwe (zomwe gawo lawo la neurobiological limalumikizana ndi kulumikizana kofanana komanso kolimba muubongo wathu). Mwanjira yamaganizidwe, zikutanthauza kuti machitidwe athu ndi malingaliro athu ali ndi mawonekedwe athuawo osasinthika kuthana ndi zochitika zachilengedwe zomwe sitinakonzekere.

Zambiri zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito poganiza kuti zimayambitsa kusokonekera kapena zolakwika ndipo cholinga chathu ndi kudzidalira. Amati anthu omwe ali ndi nkhawa amakhala otsogola chifukwa malingaliro awo samangokhala odziyesa okha. M'malo mwake, pazifukwa izi kupsinjika mtima kumafalikira: zolankhula za munthu wokhumudwitsidwayo ndizofanana kotero kuti anthu omwe amawazungulira amatha kuyikiranso. Koma odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la kukhumudwa nawonso samathawa zodzinyenga zina, makamaka kupewa.

Monga a Kahneman ananenera, anthu amakonda kunyalanyaza kufunikira kwathu ndikunyalanyaza gawo la zochitikazo. Chowonadi ndichakuti chowonadi ndi chovuta kwambiri kotero kuti sitidzadziwa konse chifukwa chomwe timapangira zomwe timachita. Zifukwa zomwe titha kukhulupirira, ngati sizinachitike chifukwa chodzinyenga komanso kupewa, ndizochepa chabe pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, ntchito ndi zomwe timatha kuzindikira.

Mwachitsanzo, zovuta zaumunthu ndizopatsa chidwi, ndiye kuti, zikhalidwe sizimayambitsa mavuto kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa chake amawona kuti mavuto omwe ali nawo amachitika chifukwa cha zochitika zina m'moyo wake osati umunthu wake. Ngakhale zofunikira pakuwunika vuto lililonse zimawoneka zomveka bwino mu DSM, zambiri mwazo ndizovuta kuzizindikira pakufunsidwa. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto lodana ndi zowawa samadziwa kuti chilichonse chomwe amachita ndicholinga chokulitsa kudzidalira kwake, monganso momwe munthu wamisala samaganizira zamatenda ake.

Zoyenera kuchita?

Malingaliro ambiri pama psychology amatha kuphunzitsidwa kudzinyenga kapena kupewa. Chofala kwambiri pakufunsidwa kwamaganizidwe ndikuti odwala amapewa zomwe amadzinyenga kuti asaganize kuti akuzemba. Chifukwa chake vutoli limapitilizidwa kudzera pakulimbikitsa kolakwika.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa tanthauzo lathu ndikuyesa tanthauzo lomveka bwino, kuti tipeze zinthu zomwe zili zosinthika ndikusintha, ndi zomwe sizili. Pazoyambirira ndikofunikira kupereka njira zothetsera mavuto. Ponena za omaliza, ndikofunikira kuwalandira ndikusiya kufunikira kwawo. Komabe, kusanthula uku kumafuna kusiya kupewa komanso kudzinyenga.