Zowoneka ndi Zamkhutu Pazovuta Zamasewera Amakanema

Zamkati

• Kodi zotsatira zenizeni za masewera amakanema paubongo ndi chiyani?
• Kodi chizolowezi chosewera makanema amadziwika bwanji ndipo chafala motani?
• Kuledzera Kofunikira Kuwerenga
• Kuchita Masewero Amakanema Pakuchipatala

"NDI DIGITAL HEROIN: MMENE ZINTHU ZINTHU ZIMASinthira ANTHU KUZIKHALA ZINTHU ZOPHUNZITSIRA."

Ndiwo mutu wankhanza womwe ukufuula pamwambapa New York Post nkhani, wolemba Dr.Nicholas Kardaras (2016), omwe owerenga ambiri adanditumizira utangotulutsidwa koyamba. Munkhaniyi, a Kardaris akuti, "Tsopano tikudziwa kuti ma iPads, ma foni a m'manja ndi ma Xbox ndi mtundu wina wamagetsi. Kafukufuku waposachedwa wamaganizidwe aubongo akuwonetsa kuti zimakhudza kotsogola kwakumaso kwa ubongo - komwe kumawongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuphatikiza kuwongolera zomwe zimachitika - chimodzimodzi momwe cocaine amathandizira. ”

Ngakhale Kardaras akuti izi zimawononga chifukwa cha mitundu yonse yogwiritsa ntchito makanema, amasankha makamaka masewera amakanema, pomwe akuti: "Ndizowona — ubongo wa mwana wanu pa Minecraft umawoneka ngati bongo wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo." Izi ndi zopanda pake, ndipo ngati Kardaras angawerenge zofufuza zenizeni zakubongo zamasewera amakanema adziwa kuti ndizo.

Mutha kupeza mitu yambiri yazowopseza zofananira ndi zolemba kwina kulikonse pazofalitsa, ngakhale ena pano Psychology Lero . Zomwe zimawoneka zowopsa kwambiri kwa makolo, komanso zokopa atolankhani ndi ena omwe akuyesa kukopa chidwi cha owerenga, ndizofotokozera kafukufuku wosonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zowonera, makamaka makanema apa vidiyo, kumakhudza ubongo. Malingaliro omwe anthu ambiri amadumphira ndikuti zilizonse zomwe zimakhudza ubongo ziyenera kukhala zowononga.

Kodi zotsatira zenizeni za masewera amakanema paubongo ndi chiyani?

Kafukufuku yemwe Kardaris adatchulapo akuwonetsa kuti njira zina zakuthambo, komwe dopamine ndi neurotransmitter, imakhala yogwira pomwe anthu akusewera masewera apakanema, ndipo mankhwala ngati heroin amayambitsanso njira zomwezi. Zomwe Kardaris ndi zolemba zina zimasiya, komabe, ndichakuti chilichonse chosangalatsa chimayambitsa njirazi. Izi ndi njira zosangalatsa zaubongo. Ngati masewera amakanema sanakulitse zochitika munjira za dopaminergic, tiyenera kunena kuti masewera amakanema siosangalatsa. Njira yokhayo yopewera kutulutsa mtundu uwu wamaubongo ndikupewa chilichonse chosangalatsa.

Monga ofufuza zamasewera a Patrick Markey ndi Christopher Ferguson (2017) anena m'buku laposachedwa, makanema apa kanema amakweza milingo ya dopamine muubongo pafupifupi momwe kudya chidutswa cha pizza ya pepperoni kapena mbale ya ayisikilimu (popanda ma calories). Ndiye kuti, imakweza dopamine kuti ichepetse kawiri kupumula kwake, pomwe mankhwala monga heroin, cocaine, kapena amphetamine amakweza dopamine pafupifupi kakhumi mochulukira.

Koma kwenikweni, kusewera kwamavidiyo kumayendetsa zambiri kuposa njira zosangalatsa, ndipo zotsatirazi sizofanana ndi zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Masewera amatenga zochitika zambiri zanzeru, chifukwa chake zimathandizira magawo ena aubongo omwe amachititsa izi. Posachedwa, katswiri wazamaubongo a Marc Palaus ndi anzawo (2017) adasindikiza kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane kafukufuku onse omwe angapeze-kuchokera pazolemba zonse 116 zomwe zidafotokozedwa-zokhudzana ndi zotsatira zamasewera pakanema muubongo. [3] Zotsatira zake ndi zomwe aliyense wodziwa kafukufuku wamaubongo angayembekezere. Masewera omwe amakhudza kuwoneka bwino ndi chidwi chimathandizira mbali zina zaubongo zomwe zimalimbikitsa chidwi ndi chidwi. Masewera omwe amaphatikizapo kukumbukira kwa malo amachititsa mbali zina za ubongo zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi malo. Ndi zina zotero.

M'malo mwake, kafukufuku wina wowunikiridwa ndi Palaus ndi anzawo akuwonetsa kuti masewera samangobweretsa zochitika zanthawi yayitali m'malo ambiri amubongo, koma, popita nthawi, zitha kuyambitsa kukula kwakanthawi kwa madera ena. Masewera olimbitsa thupi atha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa hippocampus woyenera ndi kotekisi yamkati, yomwe imathandizira kukumbukira malo ndi kuyenda. Ikhozanso kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa madera oyambilira ubongo womwe umagwira nawo ntchito zazikulu, kuphatikiza kuthana ndi mavuto ndikupanga zisankho zoganiza. Zotsatira zoterezi ndizogwirizana ndi kafukufuku wamakhalidwe omwe akuwonetsa kuti masewera amakanema atha kubweretsa kusintha kwamphamvu zina zamaganizidwe (zomwe ndawunika kale pano). Ubongo wanu, m'njira imeneyi, uli ngati dongosolo lanu laminyewa. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ziwalo zina zake, ziwalozo zimakula ndikulimba. Inde, kusewera makanema kumatha kusintha ubongo, koma zomwe zalembedwa ndizabwino, osati zoyipa.

Kodi chizolowezi chosewera makanema amadziwika bwanji ndipo chafala motani?

Mantha omwe amafalitsidwa ndi nkhani monga ya Kardaris ndikuti achinyamata omwe amasewera masewera a pakompyuta atha kukhala "osokoneza bongo." Tonse tikudziwa tanthauzo la kusuta fodya, mowa, heroin, kapena mankhwala ena. timakhala ndi zizindikilo zoopsa zakusiya tikasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo, chifukwa chake timayesetsabe kupitiliza kuwagwiritsa ntchito ngakhale tikudziwa kuti zikutipweteka ndipo tikufunitsitsa kusiya. monga masewera amakanema (kapena kukwera mafunde, kapena zina zilizonse zomwe mungakhale nazo)?

Funso loti kaya "kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo" ndilothandiza konse, pokhudzana ndi masewera amakanema a aliyense, amakambirana kwambiri ndi akatswiri. Pakadali pano, American Psychiatric Association ikuganiza zowonjezera za "Internet Gaming Disorder" (nthawi yawo yogwiritsa ntchito makanema osokoneza bongo) m'buku lawo lazidziwitso. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti ambiri omwe amasewera makanema, kuphatikiza omwe amamizidwa kwambiri mumasewera ndipo amakhala nthawi yayitali ku iwo, amakhala athanzi mwamaganizidwe, mayanjano, komanso kuthupi monga osasewera. M'malo mwake, mu positi yanga ndikufotokozera umboni wosonyeza kuti, pafupifupi, ali ndi thanzi labwino kuposa omwe sachita masewera pazinthu zonsezi. Koma kafukufuku yemweyo akuwonetsa kuti ochepa mwa ochita masewera othamanga akuvutika ndimisala m'njira zomwe sizimathandizidwa ndimasewera ndipo mwina zikuipiraipira. Izi ndizomwe zikutsogolera American Psychiatric Association kuti ipereke lingaliro loti kuwonjezera pa Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) ku buku lantchito yamavuto.

Kuledzera Kofunikira Kuwerenga

Kuchita Masewero Amakanema Pakuchipatala