Mphamvu Yodabwitsa Yofunafuna Mlingo wa Tsiku Lililonse Wamantha

’[Nditakhala] ndinamva katswiri wa zakuthambo, komwe adalankhula mokweza m'chipindacho. Posakhalitsa, wosadziwika, ndinatopa ndikudwala; Mpaka kuwuka ndikutuluka panja, ndimayenda ndekha, Mumlengalenga usiku wodabwitsa, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi, Ndimakhala chete chete nyenyezi. "- Walt Whitman (" The Learn'd Astronomer "kuchokera Masamba a Udzu, Kusindikiza kwa 1867)

Kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti kutembenuzira chidwi cha munthu kwina kukhala chinthu "chachikulu kuposa iwe" pakuyenda mphindi 15 kunja (kamodzi pamlungu kwa milungu isanu ndi itatu) kumalimbikitsa mantha - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi malingaliro abwino, osakondweretsanso komanso kuchepetsa nkhawa . Kafukufukuyu (Sturm et al., 2020) adasindikizidwa pa Seputembara 21 m'magazini yowunikiridwa ndi anzawo Kutengeka .

Kafukufukuyu akuwonjezera ku umboni wochuluka (apa, apa, apa, apa) wokhudzana ndi ma psychophysiological maubwino olimbikitsa mantha a vis-à-vis nkhani iliyonse yatsopano kapena "wow!" mphindi yomwe imakopa chidwi chaumwini ndikulimbikitsa kudziona pang'ono (mwachitsanzo, "wochepa").

Pakafukufuku wamasabata asanu ndi atatuwa, wolemba woyamba Virginia Sturm komanso ogwira nawo ntchito ku UCSF's Memory and Aging Center (MAC) ndi Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI) adapeza kuti achikulire omwe adalimbikitsidwa kuchita mantha asanayende mphindi 15 panja adanenanso zokumana nazo zabwino komanso zosafunikira m'miyoyo yawo ya tsiku ndi tsiku kuposa gulu lolamulira lomwe limayenda chimodzimodzi (kapena kupitilira apo) koma silinalangizidwe kuyang'ana panja "nthawi zowopsa" mukuyenda.

Pansipa pali mawu achidule ochokera ku malangizo a 'mantha walk' omwe amapatsidwa kwa gulu limodzi la ophunzira:

’Ndi malingaliro oyenera, mantha amatha kupezeka pafupifupi kulikonse, koma atha kupezeka m'malo omwe amakhala ndi zinthu ziwiri zofunika kwambiri: kukula kwakuthupi ndi zachilendo. Malo awa atha kuphatikizira masanjidwe achilengedwe, ngati njira yodzala ndi mitengo yayitali, kapena malo okhala m'matawuni, ngati msewu wamzindawu wokhala ndi ma skyscrapers. Ngakhale mutasankha kuti mupite kokayenda, malangizo awiriwa akuyenera kukulitsa mwayi wopeza zochitika zochititsa mantha.’

"Kukhumudwa, makamaka kusungulumwa, kwakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa paumoyo wa okalamba, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 75," wolemba wamkulu Sturm, pulofesa wothandizana ndi matenda aubongo, zamisala, komanso zamakhalidwe ku UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, adatero nkhani yatsopano. "Zomwe tikuwonetsa pano ndikuti kulowererapo kosavuta - makamaka chokumbutsa kuti nthawi zina tizigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zathu ndi chidwi chathu chakunja m'malo mokhala mkati - zitha kubweretsa kusintha kwakukuru kwamakhalidwe abwino."

Ngakhale kulowa mkati mwawokha kumatha kukulitsa thanzi labwino, kafukufukuyu adayang'ana pa bonasi yowonjezerapo yosunthira malingaliro ake kwa iyemwini.

Simusowa kuti muwone china chake chokongola kwambiri cha nsagwada kudera lachilendo (mwachitsanzo, nsonga zachisanu ku Kilimanjaro pakutuluka kwa dzuwa) kuti musangalale; mantha amatha kuchitika m'malo omwe simumenyedwa pafupi ndi kwanu komwe mwina mwanyalanyaza kapena simunapiteko kwakanthawi.

Kumva kudabwitsidwa nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi zomwe ofufuza amatcha "zazing'ono." Mu 2015, a Paul Piff aku University of California, Irvine, adalemba kafukufuku, "Awe, the Small Self, and Prosocial Behaeve." Kafukufukuyu adawona kuti zomwe zidapangitsa kuti omwe akuchita nawo kafukufukuyu achite mantha atayang'ana pamwamba pa phiri lalitali , Mitengo yayitali-200 ya Tasmanian eucalyptus pafupi ndi kampu ya Berkeley idalimbikitsa chikhalidwe.

Phunziroli, Piff adagwirizana ndi wolemba wamkulu Dacher Keltner, woyambitsa wamkulu wa Greater Good Science Center ndi pulofesa wama psychology ku University of California, Berkeley. Keltner ndi mpainiya wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi pamalingaliro okhudzana ndi mantha komanso kafukufuku. Mu New York Times nkhani, "Chifukwa Chiyani Timakumana Ndi Mantha?" Piff ndi Keltner akufotokoza kafukufuku wawo (2015) wochititsa mantha:

’Kafukufuku wathu wapeza kuti ngakhale zokumana nazo zazifupi, monga kukhala pakati pamitengo yayitali yokongola, zimapangitsa anthu kudzimva kuti ndi opanda ulemu komanso kukhala ndi ulemu komanso kukhala omvana ndi anthu wamba. Munthawi yodziyanjanitsa pakati pa miyoyo yathu, pakati pakukhutira ndi chidwi chathu ndi kudera nkhawa ena, zokumana nazo zakanthawi kochepa za mantha zimadzifotokozeranso monga gulu, ndikuwongolera zochita zathu pazosowa za iwo atizungulira..’

Kuphatikiza pa kudzaza zolemba mukamayenda kulikonse, kafukufuku waposachedwa (2020) wamphamvu yakutenga 'mantha akuyenda' adapempha ophunzira kuti alembe zipolopolo zawo zakunja ndi ma selfies ena koyambirira, pakati, ndi kumapeto kwa kuyenda kulikonse.

Zomwe zidadabwitsa ofufuzawo, kuwunika ma selfies kukuwonetsa kusintha kosawoneka bwino momwe anthu omwe adakumana ndi mantha adadzipangira okha pazithunzizo, komanso kukula kwa kumwetulira kwawo. Munthawi yonse yophunzira yamasabata asanu ndi atatu, anthu omwe amachita mantha nthawi zonse adadzichepetsera mu ma selfies ndipo adadzipereka kudera lachilengedwe kumbuyo; amawonetsanso kumwetulira kwakukulu.

"Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikuluzikulu zochititsa mantha ndichakuti chimalimbikitsa zomwe timazitcha kuti 'zazing'ono,' malingaliro oyenera pakati panu ndi chithunzi chachikulu cha dziko lokuzungulirani," Sturm adatero. "Kunena zowona, tidaganiza zopenda ma selfies a omwe akutenga nawo mbali pa lark - sindimayembekezera kuti titha kufotokoza za kuthekera kwathu kokhala ndi thanzi labwino pakamera!"

Sturm adagwirizananso ndi Dacher Keltner pa kafukufukuyu. Pakutulutsa kwa Seputembara 21, adatsimikizanso kuti kumverera kocheperako kumatha kuchitika munthawi zosiyanasiyana; mantha samachitika kokha m'chilengedwe.

"Kuopa ndikumverera koyenera komwe kumayambitsidwa ndikazindikira china chachikulu kwambiri kuposa chomwe sichimveka msanga-monga chilengedwe, zaluso, nyimbo, kapena kutengapo gawo limodzi monga mwambo, konsati, kapena mayendedwe andale," Keltner Adatero. "Kuchita mantha kumatha kupindulitsa, kuphatikizapo kukhala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo komanso kukulitsa mtima wowolowa manja, moyo wabwino, komanso kudzichepetsa."