Mitundu Ya Khunyu: Zomwe Zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro Ndi Makhalidwe

Zamkati

• Khunyu akhoza m'magulu osiyanasiyana kutengera zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zake.
• Vuto lakuchokera kwamitsempha
• Mitundu ya khunyu malinga ndi komwe imachokera
• A) Mavuto azizindikiro
• B) Mavuto obisika
• C) Kugwidwa kwa ma Idiopathic
• Mitundu ya khunyu malinga ndi kufalikira kwa kugwidwa
• 1. Mavuto achilengedwe
• 1.1. Mavuto achulukidwe a tonic-clonic kapena mavuto akulu
• 1.2. Vuto lakusowa kapena zoyipa pang'ono
• 1.3. Matenda a Lennox-Gastaut
• 1.4. Myoclonic khunyu
• 1.5. Matenda akumadzulo
• 1.6. Mavuto a Atonic
• 2. Kugwa pang'ono
• 2.1. Mavuto aku Jacksonia
• 2.2. Benign pang'ono khunyu yaubwana
• Lingaliro lomaliza

Khunyu akhoza m'magulu osiyanasiyana kutengera zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zake.

Khunyu khunyu ndi zovuta zochitika, makamaka poganizira kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khunyu.

Kale m'Baibulo, ngakhale m'malemba akale achi Babulo mulinso zonena za khunyu, yotchedwa nthawi imeneyo wansembe wa morbus kapena matenda opatulika, omwe kudzera mwawo anthu adakomoka, adagwa pansi ndipo adakomoka kwambiri kwinaku akumasula Amachita thovu pakamwa ndikuluma malilime awo.

Monga mungaganizire kuchokera ku dzina lomwe adayikidwapo koyambirira, izo idalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zachipembedzo kapena zamatsenga, poganizira kuti omwe adakumana ndi vutoli adali ndi mizimu kapena milungu.

Popita zaka mazana ambiri, lingaliro ndi chidziwitso cha vutoli zidakula, ndikupeza kuti zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli zili m'kugwira ntchito kwaubongo. Koma liwu loti khunyu silimangotanthauza kugwidwa komwe tatchulaku, koma limaphatikizanso ma syndromes osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake, titha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khunyu.

Vuto lakuchokera kwamitsempha

Khunyu ndimatenda ovuta omwe mawonekedwe ake ndi kupezeka kwamavuto obwereza-bwereza kwakanthawi komwe gulu limodzi kapena angapo amanjenje amayambitsidwa mwadzidzidzi, mosalekeza, modabwitsa komanso mosayembekezereka, ndikupangitsa zochitika zambiri m'malo opatsirana omwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa thupi.

Ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amatha kubwera chifukwa cha zifukwa zambiri, zina mwazomwe zimachitika ndikumva kuwawa kwamutu, stroko, kukha magazi, matenda kapena zotupa. Mavutowa amachititsa kuti nyumba zina zisamachitike bwino muubongo, zomwe zingayambitse kupezeka kwa khunyu m'njira yachiwiri.

Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zodziwika bwino ndikumakomoka, mikangano yachiwawa komanso yosalamulirika ya minofu yodzifunira, koma ngakhale izi zimangochitika m'mitundu ina ya khunyu. Ndipo ndikuti zisonyezo zenizeni zomwe munthu wakhunyu adzafotokozere zimadalira komwe kumayambitsa vutoli. Komabe, kugwidwa kumakhala kofanana kwambiri, chifukwa zomwe zimachitika zimafikira pafupifupi ubongo wonse.

Mitundu ya khunyu malinga ndi komwe imachokera

Pogawa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khunyu, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti si milandu yonse yomwe imadziwika kuti imatulutsa. Kuphatikiza apo, amathanso kugawidwa molingana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa kapena ayi, ndi magulu atatu motere: chizindikiro, cryptogenic ndi idiopathic.

A) Mavuto azizindikiro

Timayitana zovuta zomwe chiyambi chimadziwika chizindikiro. Gululi ndilodziwika bwino komanso lodziwika bwino kwambiri, lopeza malo amodzi kapena angapo akhunyu kapena kuwonongeka kapena chinthu chomwe chimayambitsa kusinthaku. Komabe, mwatsatanetsatane, sizikudziwika chomwe chimayambitsa kusinthaku koyambirira.

B) Mavuto obisika

Kugwidwa kwa ma Cryptogenic, komwe kumatchedwa kuti mwina kwazizindikiro, ndi kugwidwa khunyu komwe Akukayikiridwa kuti ali ndi chifukwa china, koma komwe chiyambi chake sichingawonetsedwe ndi zamakono njira zowunika. Zowonongekazo zikukayikiridwa kuti zili pama cellular.

C) Kugwidwa kwa ma Idiopathic

Zonsezi pokhudzana ndi kugwidwa kwazizindikiro komanso kodzidzimutsa, khunyu limayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kufooka kwa magazi komanso kutulutsa kwachilendo kwa gulu limodzi kapena angapo amitsempha, kuyambitsa komwe kumachokera pazifukwa zosadziwika kwenikweni. Komabe, nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kupeza milandu yomwe chiyambi cha khunyu sichimawoneka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kodziwika.

Mavuto amtunduwu amatchedwa idiopathic, omwe amakhulupirira kuti amayamba chifukwa cha majini. Ngakhale sakudziwa komwe adachokera, anthu omwe ali ndimavuto amtunduwu amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chodziwika bwino ndikuyankha kuchipatala.

Mitundu ya khunyu malinga ndi kufalikira kwa kugwidwa

Pachikhalidwe kupezeka kwa khunyu kumalumikizidwa ndi mitundu iwiri yayikulu yotchedwa zoyipa zazikulu ndi zoyipa zazing'ono, koma kafukufuku yemwe wachitika pakapita nthawi wasonyeza kuti pali mitundu ingapo yamatenda akhunyu. Ma syndromes osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya khunyu amagawidwa makamaka kutengera ngati zotulutsa ndi neural hyperarousal zimachitika kokha m'dera linalake kapena pamlingo wamba.

1. Mavuto achilengedwe

Pakulanda kotereku, zotulutsa zamagetsi zomwe zimachokera muubongo zimayambitsidwa mozungulira mdera lina kuti zimalize kwa onse kapena gawo lalikulu laubongo. Nthawi zambiri pamitundu iyi ya khunyu (makamaka pakukomoka kwakukulu) aura yam'mbuyomu imawonekera, ndiye kuti, prodrome kapena zizindikiro zam'mbuyomu monga mitambo, kulira ndi kuyerekezera zinthu koyambira koyambirira kwa kulanda komwe kungalepheretse amene ati avutike. Zina mwazodziwika bwino komanso zodziwika bwino zamkati mwakhunyu khunyu ndi izi.

1.1. Mavuto achulukidwe a tonic-clonic kapena mavuto akulu

Chitsanzo cha kugwidwa kwa khunyu, mukugwidwa kwakukulu ndikumakhala kwadzidzidzi kwadzidzidzi komanso kwadzidzidzi komwe kumapangitsa wodwalayo kugwa pansi, Amatsagana ndi kugwa pafupipafupi komanso pafupipafupi, kulumidwa, kukodza mkodzo ndi / kapena kusachita bwino ngakhale kukuwa.

Mavuto amtunduwu ndi omwe amaphunziridwa kwambiri, atapeza magawo atatu akulu pamavutowa: choyamba, gawo lokhumudwitsa lomwe kutaya chidziwitso kumachitika ndikugwa pansi, ndiyeno gawo lachiwonetsero limayamba. momwe kugwidwa kumawonekera (kuyambira kumapeto kwenikweni kwa thupi ndikupanga pang'ono pang'ono) ndipo pamapeto pake vuto lakhunyu limatha ndi gawo lobwezeretsa momwe chidziwitso chimapezanso pang'onopang'ono.

1.2. Vuto lakusowa kapena zoyipa pang'ono

Mu mtundu uwu wa khunyu khunyu chizindikiro chodziwika kwambiri ndikutaya kapena kusintha kwa chidziwitso, monga kuyimilira pang'ono pamaganizidwe kapena kusowa kwamisala limodzi ndi akinesia kapena kusayenda, popanda zosintha zina zowonekera.

Ngakhale munthuyo adataya chidziwitso kwakanthawi, iwo sagwa pansi kapena samakhala ndi kusintha kwakuthupi (ngakhale kutsekana mu minofu ya nkhope nthawi zina kumatha kuchitika).

1.3. Matenda a Lennox-Gastaut

Ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka khunyu kamene kamakhala kamwana, komwe kusowa kwamaganizidwe ndi kugwidwa pafupipafupi kumawonekera mzaka zoyambirira za moyo (pakati pa zaka ziwiri ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zakubadwa) zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi kulumala kwa nzeru ndi mavuto amunthu, malingaliro ndi machitidwe. Ndi limodzi mwamavuto akulu kwambiri amitsempha ya ana, kutha kuyambitsa imfa nthawi zina mwina mwachindunji kapena chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimakhudzana ndi matendawa.

1.4. Myoclonic khunyu

Myoclonus ndiwosuntha komanso wosunthika womwe umakhudza kusunthika kwa gawo limodzi la thupi kuchoka pamalo ena kupita kumalo ena.

Mu mtundu uwu wa khunyu, womwe umaphatikizaponso ma syndromes angapo monga achinyamata myoclonic khunyu, it ndizofala kuti khunyu ndi malungo zizioneka pafupipafupi, ndimakomokedwe ena amtundu wa ma jerks pakudzuka kutulo. Ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kudwaladwala. Nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati zomwe zimachitika pakukongoletsa kuwala.

1.5. Matenda akumadzulo

Mtundu wina wa khunyu wopanga ubwana womwe umayamba mu semester yoyamba ya moyo, West syndrome ndimatenda achilendo komanso owopsa omwe ana adasokoneza zochitika zamaubongo (zowoneka ndi EEG).

Ana omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhala ndi vuto lomwe limapangitsa kuti miyendo isinthe kulowa mkati, kapena kukulitsa, kapena zonse ziwiri. Chizindikiro chake china ndikuchepa kwa makanda, kutaya mphamvu zakuthupi, zolimbikitsa komanso kuwonetsa kutulutsa mawu.

1.6. Mavuto a Atonic

Ndi khunyu kamene kamataya chidziwitso ndipo momwe munthuyo amagwera pansi chifukwa chakumapindika koyamba, koma osakomoka ndikuchira mwachangu. Ngakhale imapanga magawo achidule, imatha kukhala yoopsa, chifukwa kugwa kumatha kuwononga kwambiri zoopsa.

2. Kugwa pang'ono

Kugwidwa pang'ono kwa khunyu, mosiyana ndi zowombetsa mkota, kumachitika m'malo enaake amubongo. Pakadali pano, zizindikilo zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri kutengera komwe donut idapatsidwa mphamvu, zomwe zimachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa malowa, ngakhale nthawi zina vutoli limatha kukhala lalikulu. Kutengera ndi malowa, zizindikilozo zimatha kukhala zamagalimoto kapena zovuta, zomwe zimayambitsa kuyerekezera zinthu zolakwika mpaka kugwa m'malo ena.

Kugwidwa kumeneku kumatha kukhala kwamitundu iwiri, yosavuta (ndi mtundu wa khunyu yomwe ili mdera lina, ndipo izi sizimakhudza msinkhu wa chidziwitso) kapena zovuta (zomwe zimasintha luso lamaganizidwe kapena kuzindikira).

Zitsanzo zina za kugwidwa pang'ono kungakhale zotsatirazi

2.1. Mavuto aku Jacksonia

Mavuto amtunduwu amayamba chifukwa cha kutsitsa kwa motor cortex, ndikupangitsa kugwidwa komwe kumakhalapo m'malo ena omwe amatsata gulu la somatotopic la kotekisi.

2.2. Benign pang'ono khunyu yaubwana

Ndi mtundu wa kulanda pang'ono komwe kumachitika ali mwana. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika nthawi yogona, osasintha kwenikweni pakukula kwa mutuwo. Nthawi zambiri zimasowa pawokha pakukula konse, ngakhale nthawi zina zimatha kubweretsa mitundu ina ya khunyu yomwe imakhala yayikulu ndipo imakhudza moyo wabwino m'malo ake ambiri.

Lingaliro lomaliza

Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yomwe yatchulidwayi, palinso zovuta zina zomwe zimafanana ndi zomwe zimagwidwa ndi khunyu, monga zimachitika pakagwa dissociative ndi / kapena somatoform matenda, kapena khunyu nthawi ya malungo. Komabe, ngakhale m'magulu ena amalembedwa ngati ma syndromes apadera a khunyu, pali kutsutsana, ndipo olemba ena savomereza kuti amawawona choncho.