Kodi Anorexia Nervosa N'chiyani?

Pamene tikuzindikira Sabata Yodziwitsa Anthu Za Kudya Padziko Lonse pano ku The Clay Center, tikukhulupirira kuti zomwe timagawana nazo zikhala zophunzitsa komanso zothandiza. Kuti mumve zambiri zamatenda akudya, ndi njira zomwe mungathandizire kusintha moyo wa wokondedwa kapena wa inu nokha, chonde pitani patsamba la National Eating Disorder Association. Kumbukirani, "Yakwana nthawi yoti tikambirane." #Kudziwa

Ndalemba blog iyi chifukwa inali nkhani yopambana kwa m'modzi mwa odwala anga (ophatikiza odwala ambiri) omwe ali ndi zovuta zina zovuta, zovuta komanso zowopsa zomwe aliyense angapirire.

Anorexia Nervosa amakhudza kwambiri aliyense. Ndi kuzunzika kwa wovutikayo, koopsa kwa makolo komanso kukhumudwitsa kwambiri azachipatala.

Ali ndi chiwonetsero chachikulu chomwalira cha matenda amisala. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu omwe amachira, ndipo pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe amwalira pazaka 20-30.

Ndipo zomvetsa chisoni kuti timakonda kumva za otchuka omwe amwalira kapena ovutika ndi anorexia, monga Karen Carpenter, Portia de Rossi, ndi Mary-Kate Olsen, osati atsikana ndi amayi omwe ali ovuta, osatetezeka, atsiku ndi tsiku omwe ali ndi vuto izo.

Ndikugawana blog iyi kuti aliyense amvetsetse mawonekedwe a anorexia, azindikire koyambirira, ndikuyesera kuthandiza ndikuthandizira omwe akuvutika.

Kodi Anorexia Nervosa N'chiyani?

Sindinapite ku sukulu ya udokotala kuti ndikhale mdani.

Ndinaphunzitsidwa — ndipo ndinakhulupirira — kuti kupereka chithandizo ndi chifundo kudzadalitsidwanso, ndi unansi wokhulupirirana. Ziyenera kukhala zotsatira zachilengedwe zongochita zabwino.

Zinali zopitirira phokoso pomwe ndinayamba kugwira ntchito ndi ana omwe anali ndi anorexia nervosa. Ngakhale anali atatsala pang'ono kufa ndi njala, ndipo nthawi zina, kugwa kwamankhwala, amangofuna kusiya okha pakukakamizidwa kwa makolo awo ndi gulu lachipatala kuti adye.

Hei, tonsefe timamva njala, sichoncho ife?

Ndipo kwa ana, chakudya chimakhala chabwino kwambiri. Koma monga dotolo woyang'anira chisamaliro chawo, amangondiona kuti ndine munthu woipa amene akufuna kuwapangitsa kunenepa.

Tiyeni titenge Sarah (osati wodwala weniweni, koma gulu la ambiri omwe ndawawona). Ndi mwana wazaka 14 wokongola komanso waluso, kunyada kwa banja lake-wophunzira wowongoka, wovina wanzeru, wopita patsogolo kutimu ya hockey, womvera komanso wopatsa mwana wamkazi ndi mnzake - mwachidziwikire kuti amayenera kuchita zinthu zazikulu. Zinkawoneka kuti anali ndi zonse: luso, luso, komanso makolo opambana komanso achikondi.

Koma, atatha nthawi yotentha ku kampu yamasewera, Sarah adataya pafupifupi mapaundi 15; Anakhalanso wamasamba, ndipo amathamanga mamailosi asanu tsiku lililonse asanapite kusukulu, nthawi zina ngakhale kusanache. Komabe pa 5'7 ”komanso atakhala ochepa thupi komanso wathanzi, makolo ake ndi abwenzi adaganiza kuti akuwoneka bwino. Moyo, zimawoneka ngati zabwino, mpaka adatsika mpaka mapaundi 100 ndikutaya nthawi. Dotolo wake adamulimbikitsa kuti akafufuze kuchipatala, pomwe makolo ake amayembekeza kuti chomwe amafunikira ndikungowona katswiri wazakudya ndikuyambiranso kudya. Izi sizinapange kusiyana kulikonse, ndichifukwa chake adabwera kwa ine.

Pamene Sarah adakumana nane koyamba, anali ndi zochepa, ngati anali nazo, zoti amve — sanamve ngati kuti kulakwitsa. Koma atataya mapaundi ena asanu ndipo adotolo amafunikira kuti alowe kuchipatala chifukwa chakhazikika pazachipatala komanso "kukonza zakudya," adayamba kuyankhula - ayi, kuchonderera - kuti ndimusiye ndekha ndikumusiya apite kunyumba, akukambirana za cholinga chake cholemera kuti pewani kuchipatala. Ndikapanda kumvera, ankandinyoza; ziribe kanthu zomwe ndinanena pazowopsa zamankhwala, zoopsa zomwe zingachitike mthupi lake (kuphatikiza mafupa ndi kusabereka), palibe chomwe chidagwira.

Ndinakhala mdani.

Ana omwe ali ndi anorexia nervosa amakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kuchepa thupi, komanso mantha akulu, osagwedezeka onenepa. Ngakhale kuti ndi ochepa thupi kwambiri, samadziona ngati owonda. Osatengera izi, ngakhale atachepetse kulemera kwawo, nthawi zonse pamakhala zochulukira.

Atsikanawa amabadwa okonda kuchita zinthu mosalakwitsa, amatsatira zofuna zawo, kukakamizidwa, kuthamangitsidwa - ndipo mwina chidendene chawo cha Achilles - omvera kwambiri maubwenzi, kuwopa kukanidwa kapena kukhumudwitsa ena. Chodabwitsa nchakuti, iwo kaŵirikaŵiri amakana kapena kunyalanyaza kuvutika kwa awo amene amawaonera akudzipha okha pang’onopang’ono — makamaka poyamba. Pambuyo pake matendawa, nthawi zambiri amadziimba mlandu kwambiri, pa izi, komanso pafupifupi china chilichonse.

Chimachitika ndi chiani kwa atsikanawa? Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda omwe sagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala, ndipo zomvetsa chisoni kuti, ali ndi vuto limodzi (komanso kufa kwambiri) kwamatenda amisala?

Anorexia ndi "mphepo yamkuntho yabwino" yomwe imafunikira kuphatikiza koyenera kwa zinthu zomwe zimachokera ku biology, ubale wamabanja, machitidwe azikhalidwe ndi machitidwe, komanso magulu azikhalidwe. Ngakhale "chophikira" chimatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pamunthu wina ndi mnzake, zikuwoneka kuti kukhala ndi chinthu chofunikira kuchokera kudera lililonse kumafunikira kuti matenda abuke.

Mwachilengedwe, kafukufuku wamapasa ndi mbiri ya mabanja akuwonetsa kuti pali vuto la kubadwa kwa anorexia nervosa. Zikuwoneka kuti pali ubale pakati pa anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa ndi kunenepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa ena ofufuza kudabwa za kayendedwe ka njala ndi kukhuta.

Kuphatikiza apo, atsikana omwe ali ndi anorexia amakonda kukhala ndi malamulo oyambira pobadwa, monga kufuna kuchita bwino zinthu mopitirira muyezo, kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso, kupikisana ndi chidwi cha maubwenzi, makamaka kuopa kukanidwa. Amakhalanso ovuta pamavuto ndi kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro, ndipo amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa.

Kupatula biology, chikhalidwe, malingaliro ndi mabanja zimathandizira pakukula kwa vutoli. Zinthu izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa popeza zimaphatikizana ndi chikhalidwe chakumadzulo.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zimakhala zovuta zakomwe anthu amakhala nazo monga "mawonekedwe" amthupi, makamaka azimayi, kuchepa thupi. Sitingapeputse momwe thupi limalimbikitsidwira, osati kudzera pawailesi yakanema komanso makanema, komanso m'magazini, ngakhale zoseweretsa. Ndiponsotu, choseweretsa chotchuka kwambiri m'mbiri ya masiku ano ndi Barbie — zomwe sizotheka kuthupi komanso muyezo, zomwe mkazi aliyense sangathe kuzipeza!

Komabe, zochitika pabanja komanso zamaganizidwe zimathandizanso pakukula kwa anorexia nervosa.

Pomwe mabanja a atsikana omwe ali ndi vuto la anorexic amakonda kukhala pakati pa achikondi kwambiri, okhulupirika komanso osamala, amakhalanso ndi chidwi chazithunzi, magwiridwe antchito ndi kuchita bwino.

Ndiye chalakwika ndi chiyani ndi izi?

Potengera zipsinjo zachitetezo cha thupi, mawonekedwe osakhazikika, komanso zoyambitsa zakubadwa, kutsata komanso kuzindikira kukana zonse zimakakamiza mtsikana yemwe akukula.

Zotsatira zake ndikuti atsikanawa amakhala ndi zovuta zazikulu m'magawo atatu oyambira:

1. Chidziwitso: iwo sadziwa omwe iwo ali, koma chomwe iwo ayenera kukhala.
2. Ubale: amafuna kusangalatsa ena, ndi zofuna za omwe amawazungulira (monga kufunikira kokhala wowonda).
3. Kudzidalira: amakonda kudziona kuti ndi achabechabe ndipo nthawi zonse amadziimba mlandu, makamaka chifukwa alibe njira yothetsera kusamvana. Ngakhale kusamvana kumawoneka ngati chinthu chabwino, nthawi zina kumabwerera m'mbuyo chifukwa palibe njira yoti munthu athetse mkwiyo wake ndikukhumudwitsidwa ndi omwe amawakonda. Tonsefe tiyenera kukonda, kuvulaza omwe timawakonda, kenako ndikukonza zinthu kuti tithetse kulakwa kwathu ndikulimbikitsa kudzidalira. Atsikana ambiri a anorexic alibe mwayiwu.

Chifukwa chake, chomwe chimawoneka ngati choyenera — banja lokondana, kusamvana, ndi machitidwe obadwira obadwira omwe ali mgulu lomwe limagogomezera mawonekedwe abwino ndi thanzi - atha kumangotaya zinthu mwadongosolo.

Ena amadabwa kuti ndichifukwa chiyani izi zikuwoneka ngati "chikhalidwe chomangika", chodziwika bwino chakumadzulo (U.S.).

Kodi ndikulimbikitsa kwathu kuchepa?

Kodi ndiko kudalira kwathu ndikudziwika ndi anthu omwe timatengera zomwe timawona munkhani?

Zimadalira magawo ena am'mabanja mwathu-omwe amalimbikitsa chithunzi, kuchita bwino ndi kutsatira?

Kodi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa amayi (pafupifupi 96 peresenti ya omwe ali ndi anorexia nervosa ndi akazi)? Kodi ndi momwe timakhalira ndi atsikana motsutsana ndi anyamata pachikhalidwe chathu?

Kodi ndizotsatira zachisoni za msungwana yemwe ali ndi zovuta zina zakubadwa komanso zikhalidwe zakubadwa zobadwira mu intaneti yovuta kwambiri yomwe sangathe kudzichotsera?

Yankho mwina ndi "inde" pamafunso ovuta awa!

Sarah adalandilidwa kangapo ndi azachipatala komanso amisala, nthawi zambiri azipatala komanso ogona kuchipatala. Anapitilizabe kugwira ntchito ndi ine kwazaka zambiri kuchipatala chaumwini komanso chabanja, komanso kudzera m'ndondomeko zanga zamankhwala (osati kuti ndimuchiritse anorexia nervosa, koma kuti amuthandize kusangalala ndi nkhawa).

Patatha pafupifupi zaka ziwiri ndikulimbana ndi kusakhulupirira, Sarah adayamba kundikonda. Anayamba kunenepa pang'onopang'ono, adayambiranso kusangalala, ndipo pamapeto pake adapita ku koleji. Ndimamuwonabe, ndipo tayamba kudziwana, kuyamikirana komanso kumvetsetsana - makamaka zolinga zathu, komanso kufunikira kwa ubale wathu.

Nchiyani chinagwira ntchito? Mu blog yapadera timayang'ana chithandizo cha anorexia nervosa, komanso zotsatira zake. Sizabwino, koma kwa ena monga Sarah, pali chiyembekezo.

Koposa zonse, ndi mpikisano wothamanga, osati kuthamanga.

Ndaphunzira momwe ndingakhalire mdani. Ndikhulupirireni, zimapweteka.

Madokotala ambiri, inenso ndinaphatikizapo, amafuna kukondedwa; timayesetsa kwambiri kusamalira ndi kuchiritsa ena.

Komabe, tifunikanso kuzindikira kuti nthawi zambiri odwala athu samationa choncho, ndipo chabwino chomwe tingachite ndikungokhala ndi moyo wokondedwa - miyoyo ya odwala athu, komanso kulimba mtima kwathu.

Mtundu wa blog iyi udalembedwa koyamba pa The Clay Center for Young Healthy Mindsku Massachusetts General Hospital.