Kodi Okonza Magazini Ndiomwe Amayambitsa Kafukufuku Wosavuta wa COVID-19?

Mfundo Zofunika: Magazini a Sayansi athamangira kukafufuza pakagwa mliriwu. Koma kuchuluka kwamapepala kumavumbula kusanthula kosakhazikika, zonena zosagwirizana, kuzindikira kopanda tanthauzo, komanso zolemba zochititsa manyazi. Kafukufuku wovulaza amavulaza anthu, makamaka nthawi yamavuto.

Kafukufuku wambiri wamaganizidwe okhudzana ndi mliri wa COVID-19 wakhala wopanda vuto. Monga mkonzi wamkulu wa Zolemba Zazovuta Za Nkhawa analemba, nthawi zambiri zakhala "zinyalala mkati, zinyalala kutuluka" (Asmundson & Taylor, 2021). Sanalinso magazini otsika ayi. Ofufuza omwe adachita kafukufuku wamba, wosakhwima ndiomwe amachititsa izi, koma mwina pali vuto lalikulu.

Vuto lalikulu lingakhale akonzi omwe adafalitsa zinyalala. Ofufuzawo amatulutsa zinyalala m'manyuzipepala nthawi zonse. Choyipa chachikulu chimachotsedweratu mwa kuwunikiranso anzawo. Njira yowunikiranso anzawo ili ndi zolakwika zake, koma imagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri. Pakati pa mliri wa COVID-19, kuwunika koyenera kwa anzawo kunasinthidwa m'magazini ambiri omwe amayesa kufalitsa mwachangu kwambiri.

Njira yowonera anzawo idasinthidwa

Mkonzi-wamkulu wa Magazini a ku Asia a Psychiatry adalongosola momwe adasinthira njira zowunikirira mliriwu. Atayitanitsa zokapereka, adalandira zoposa 550 m'masabata asanu ndi limodzi ndipo adafalitsa 52 ya izo. Zosintha pakuwunikiranso anzawo zomwe zimafunika kuti izi zitheke zinali zodabwitsa. Owunikira koyambirira adapereka "mayankho mwachidule" m'masiku awiri. Olembawo adapatsidwa sabata imodzi kuti awunikenso. Kubwerezanso kubwereza pambuyo poti zochepetsera zidachepetsedwa (Tandon, 2020).

Mabuku adasefukira ndi maphunziro omwe anali opanda tanthauzo komanso osocheretsa. Mndandanda wanga wazolemba pa blog udawonetsa izi, ndipo sindine ndekha onena izi. Mazana a maphunziro azaumoyo adasindikizidwa munthawi yochepa ndipo ambiri anali opanda khalidwe kotero kuti sanayenere kufotokozera mwachidule (DEPRESSD Project). Kafukufuku wina wogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zitatu kapena zinthu zisanu ndi zinayi zomwe zimafalitsidwa mosasamala ndi mapulogalamu azama TV zinali zochuluka kwambiri.

Nkhani zamilandu zavutikanso

Malipoti amilandu anali osangalatsa. Vuto lopeka la "coronophobia" lidapezeka m'mapoti osachepera awiri. Mtsikana wazaka 23 ku Indonesia adadziwitsidwa ndi madotolo (sizinafotokozedwe momwe) ali ndi nkhawa yayikulu chifukwa chakuwoneka kwa COVID-19 mdziko lake. Komabe, kunalibe lipoti loti adakhala ndi nkhawa asanafike mliriwu (Wulandari et al., 2020). Msungwana wazaka 38 ku Peru adadwala mwadzidzidzi atapita kukaonana ndi dokotala wamazinyo mu Marichi 2020. Amawopa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka chifukwa dotoloyo sanavale chigoba ndipo anali atapita ku France posachedwapa (Huarcaya-Victoria et al. , 2020).

Mnyamata wazaka 18 wazaka zaku China adapita ku Wuhan kumapeto kwa 2019 ndipo patadutsa masiku awiri adayamba kukhala ndi zizindikilo zogwirizana ndi COVID-19. Mayeso ake olakwika a COVID anali odabwitsa mpaka madotolo ake atazindikira kuti anali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zakukhumudwa. Kenako adamaliza kuopa kuti ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa adayambitsa zizindikilo zina kuphatikiza malungo, thukuta, ndi chifuwa (Fu & Zhang, 2020). Takhala tikudziwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuti kupsinjika kumatha kuwonetsa ngati zisonyezo za psychosomatic. Moyo uli wodzaza ndi zopanikiza; sizikuwonekeratu kuti kupsinjika kwa COVID-19 ndimitundu yapadera yamavuto. Chifukwa chomwe mkonziyo adawona kuti ichi chinali chothandizira chatsopano pama psychiatry ndizosokoneza.

Osadziwa zaumoyo anali mwadzidzidzi akatswiri azaumoyo

Ena mwa ndemanga m'manyuzipepala azaumoyo omwe adafuula mokweza kuti tili pakati pa mliri wamaganizidwe adalembedwa ndi omwe siamisala. Wophunzira za mano ku sukulu ya zamankhwala ananena kuti "zovuta zamatenda ndizofala kwambiri kwa omwe si mamembala azachipatala kuposa omwe amakhala patsogolo pa zamankhwala" kudzera pachisokonezo chachikulu (Ghaffari & Mortezapour, 2020). Wofufuza zaumoyo adaneneratu kuti mliriwu "udzakhudza kwambiri thanzi lam'mutu lomwe limakhudza mitundu, mafuko, ndi magulu ku United States" (Purtle, 2020). Pulofesa wa Sukulu Yoyang'anira ku Malaysia adati mavuto azachuma omwe adasamukira kudziko lina adathandizira pamavuto amisala, koma sanatchule kafukufuku wamankhwala (Mia & Griffiths, 2020). Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani akonzi adasindikiza zodabwitsazi, zosagwirizana ndi anthu omwe alibe ukadaulo wamaganizidwe?

Kuwerenga-umboni kumawoneka kuti kulibe

Nthawi zambiri, zimawoneka kuti palibe zowunikira zomwe zidachitidwa ndi othandizira mkonzi. Kuwerengera kuwerenga ndikofunikira, makamaka pomwe maphunziro ambiri anali ochokera kumayiko osiyanasiyana. M'ndandanda yam'mbuyomu ya blog (11/6/2020), ndidazindikira chiganizo ichi mu kafukufuku wofalitsidwa munyuzipepalayi MALO OYAMBA , "Nzika zikuluzikulu zimawonetsedwa pawailesi yakanema pa nthawi ya matenda a coronavirus (COVID-19) ku Wuhan, China." (Gao et al., 2020). Sindinadziwe kuti thanzi la nzika zazikulu ku China zidakhudzidwa mosiyana ndi nzika zazing'ono. Ndipo ndidaphunzira kuti kutuluka ndi mawu ovomerezeka, koma osati pankhaniyi.

Pali zolakwitsa zambiri za galamala kuti timvetse, koma nachi chitsanzo china. "Kalatayi ikuwonetsa kugwiritsa ntchito HBM ku COVID-19 pochepetsa mikhalidwe yomwe imayambitsa nkhawa komanso mantha ndikusintha zikhulupiliro za anthu zomwe zimangodalira zomwe zimawopsezedwa ndikuwunika phindu lomwe limapezeka chifukwa cha zolepheretsa kuchitapo kanthu kudziwitsa zamakhalidwe (kudzera mwa kudziona kukhala olimba ) "(Mukhtar, 2020). Kodi muli nazo?

Zobwezeretsa zili paliponse

Vuto lakufufuza nthawi ya mliri silimangokhala ndi thanzi lam'mutu. Kuyambira pa February 13, 2021, pakhala pali kale zofalitsa pafupifupi 70 pamitu yazamankhwala zomwe zidasinthidwa ndimanyuzipepala chifukwa zachinyengo, zolakwika, kapena mawu osadziwika omwe adapezeka atasindikizidwa ndikuwunikanso anzawo asanafalitsidwe (Retraction Watch 2 / 13/21).

Ngati ndinu wofufuza pazapadera zilizonse, ndipo simukutsatira Anabweza Watch , mukusowa imodzi mwa nkhani zazikulu m'mbiri ya sayansi pompano. Pamene anthu abwino at Anabweza Watch adayamba kutsatira zomwe abweza mu 2010, zomwe zidabwezedwa zimaganiziridwa kuti ndizosowa. Ayi sichoncho. Sayansi imawonongeka tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mphero zam'mapepala, magazini azakudya, olemba zabodza, komanso zambiri zabodza. Izi si malingaliro achiwembu onena zabodza. Izi zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mazana azokoka pachaka ndi magaziniwo. Ndipo awa ndi omwe adagwidwa. Zambiri zomwe zikudetsa nkhawa zimachokera kumayunivesite aku China omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yolipira pamapepala ndiukadaulo wawo, koma mavuto amapezeka paliponse kulikonse.

Mwachitsanzo, Magazini a ku Asia a Psychiatry adabweza imodzi mwa mapepala omwe adasindikizidwa mwachangu chifukwa olemba achi China adatha kufalitsa m'magazini atatu osiyana. Zobwerezedwazo zidapezeka pomwe wogwira ntchito wofalitsa wina adatenga nthawi kuti aunike (Retraction Watch 10/29/20).

Kuipa kwa sayansi yopanda tanthauzo

Muyenera kudabwa ndi ndale. Mayankho ku mliriwu mdziko lililonse anali malingaliro andale. Monga katswiri wama psychology a Philip Tetlock anena, asayansi ali andale m'njira zomwe nthawi zambiri samazindikira (Tetlock ndi Mitchell, 2015). Pakati pa COVID-19, chidwi chidasiyidwa m'malo ambiri.

Chaka chatha chimadzutsa mafunso okhudza kulimba mtima kwa magazini azasayansi kuti athe kupirira nthawi zandale komanso mibadwo ino yazankhondo. Khalidwe la olemba magazini ambiri likuwoneka kuti likusonyeza kuti, "Inde, timayimira chowonadi ngakhale titakhala pachangu pantchito zasayansi, osati nthawi zonse." Gorman ndi Gorman amafuna kuti olemba makope azikhala ndiudindo mliriwu usanachitike. "Okonza magazini a Scientific ayenera kukumbukira nthawi zonse kuthekera kwakuti nkhani zomwe amavomereza kuti zifalitsidwe zidzawonekera pa intaneti ndikuwonedwa - ndikumasuliridwa molakwika - ndi asayansi omwe sianthu omwe akuwafuna" (Gorman and Gorman, 2017, p 259).

Kodi kuyesaku kudali koyesa kusintha njira yowunikiranso anzawo?

Makina owunikiranso anzawo kudzera pazapadera zonse akhala akuwukiridwa chifukwa cha kuphulika kwa malo osindikizira asanachitike, kusowa kwa zida zabwino zowerengera (Fleerackers et al., 2021), mitundu yotseguka yotsegulira, magazini azakudya, owunika adyera akufuna kulipidwa, ndi Mphero zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ofufuza ku China pogwiritsa ntchito pepala lolipira (Zina, 2020). Asayansi ambiri osintha zinthu akufuna kuti zisinthe kwambiri zomwe zimachitika poyang'ana anzawo monga momwe tawonera pa COVID-19.

Titha kuganiza za nthawi ya COVID-19 ngati mayeso othamanga pazomwe zimachitika kuwunika kwa anzawo kumasuka. Zotsatira zake: palibe chabwino. Palibe chowonadi kapena chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chidapezeka molondola kapena mwachangu kwambiri.

Pankhani yasayansi, kuthamanga kumapha. Imapha kukhulupirika komanso kudalirana.

KUDZIPEREKA Pulojekiti. https://www.depressd.ca/research-question-1-symptom-changes (kufikira 1/31/2021).

Enanso H (12/16/20). Momwe mtsinje wa sayansi ya COVID udasinthira kafukufuku wofalitsa - m'makalata asanu ndi awiri. Chilengedwe 588, 553 (2020) doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-03564-y

Othawa A, Riedlinger M, Moorhead L, Ahmed R, Alperin JP (2021): Kulankhulana Kosatsimikizika Kwa Sayansi M'badwo wa COVID-19: Kafukufuku Wogwiritsira Ntchito Preprints ndi Digital Media Outlets, Health Communication, doi: 10.1080 / 10410236.2020. 1864892

Fu R, Zhang Y (2020). Lipoti lamilandu la wodwala yemwe akuganiziridwa kuti ndi COVID-19 wokhala ndi nkhawa komanso malungo m'malo opanikizika. General Psychiatry 2020; 33: e100218. onetsani: 10.1136 / gpsych-2020-100218

Ghaffari M, Mortezapour A. (Epulo 7, 2020). Kalata Yopita Kosintha: Kusokonekera mwaukadaulo pagulu, mamembala, komanso osakhala mamembala azachipatala omwe akuthandizira kuwongolera kwa COVID-19. Ubongo, Khalidwe, ndi Chitetezo Chamthupi 87 (2020) 25-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.006

Gao J, Zheng P, Jia Y, Chen H, Mao Y, Chen S, ndi al. (2020), Matenda amisala komanso kuwonetsedwa pama media pa nthawi ya COVID-19. PLOS ONE 15 (4): e0231924. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231924

Gorman SE, Gorman JM (2017). Kukana Manda: Chifukwa Chake Timanyalanyaza Zomwe Zidzatipulumutse. Oxford University Press: New York NY.

Huarcaya-Victoria J, Herrera D, Castillo C. Kalata Yolemba. Psychosis mwa wodwala yemwe ali ndi nkhawa yokhudzana ndi COVID-19: Lipoti lamilandu. Kafukufuku wama Psychiatry Kafukufuku wama Psychiatry 289 (2020) 113052, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113052

Lozada-Martínez I, Bolaño-Romero M, Moscote-Salazar L, Torres-Llinas D (2020). Kalata Yopita Kwa Mkonzi Ponena za "Magawo Awiri Pangozi ya Mliri wa COVID-19 Palibe Amene Akukambirana za-Ndipo Zikuwononga Miyoyo" ndi "Emotional Health Pakati pa Matenda A Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Mliri. World Neurosurgery Volume 144, Disembala 2020, Tsamba 299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.030.

Mia MA, Griffiths MD (2020). Kalata yopita kwa Mkonzi: Mtengo wazachuma komanso wamaganizidwe a COVID-19 kwa osamukira kudziko lina. Zolemba pa Psychiatric Research Volume 128, Seputembara 2020, Masamba 23-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.003

Mukhtar S (2020). Umoyo wamaganizidwe ndi momwe zimakhudzira COVID-19: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Chikhulupiriro Pazachipatala kwa anthu wamba ku Pakistan. Ubongo, Khalidwe, ndi Chitetezo Chamthupi 87 (2020) 28-29, doi: 10.1016 / j.bbi.2020.04.012

Purtle J (Juni 17, 2020). COVID ‑ 19 ndi kufanana kwamaumoyo ku United States. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, patsogolo pa kusindikiza 6/7/20, pp 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-01896-8

Rajkumar RP (Epulo 10, 2020). COVID-19 ndi thanzi lamaganizidwe: Kuwunikira mabuku omwe alipo. Asia Zolemba za Psychiatry 52 (2020) 102066, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066

Kubwezeretsanso (2/13/21), https://retractionwatch.com/retracted-coronavirus-covid-19-papers/

Kubwezeretsanso (10/29/20), https://retractionwatch.com/2020/10/29/researchers-publish-the-same-covid-19-paper-three-times/

Tandon R (2020). COVID-19 ndi thanzi lamaganizidwe: Kusunga umunthu, kusunga ukhondo, ndikulimbikitsa thanzi. Asia Journal of Psychiatry 51, doi: 10.1016 / j.ajp.2020.102256

Wulandari P, Hidayat R. General Anxiety Disorder-Coronavirus Disease-19 Kuphulika ku Indonesia: A Report Report. Tsegulani Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020 Jun 10; 8 (T1): 36-38. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4762

Tetlock, P.E. & Mitchell, G. (2015). Chifukwa chiyani owerengeka ochepa ndipo tiyenera kusamala? Sosaiti 52 (1) doi: 10.1007 / s12115-014-9850-6