Precuña: Makhalidwe Ndi Ntchito Za Mbali Ino Yaubongo

Zamkati

• Gawo ili la kotekisi yam'mimba ili mu parietal lobe ndipo limagwira ntchito zingapo.
• Precuña: tanthauzo, kapangidwe ndi malo
• Mawonekedwe
• Zambiri za mbiri yakale (kukumbukira kwakanthawi)
• 1. Kukonza mawonekedwe
• 2. Kudzizindikira
• 3. Kuzindikira kuzindikira
• 4. Kuphatikiza pakati
• Pre-wedge mu matenda a Alzheimer's

Gawo ili la kotekisi yam'mimba ili mu parietal lobe ndipo limagwira ntchito zingapo.

Ubongo wamunthu ndi chiwalo chovuta komanso chosangalatsa. Mbali iliyonse ya ubongo imakhala ndi ma lobes angapo.

Ndipo mu lobe wapamwamba wa parietal, wobisika pakati pa zigawo za mitsempha ya mitsempha, titha kupeza pre-wedge, dera lapadera pamakhalidwe ake ndi ntchito zomwe akuti ndiye likulu lolumikizira ubongo, komanso kutenga nawo mbali mu njira zodzizindikira. .

Munkhaniyi tifotokoza zomwe pre-wedge ndi, momwe imapangidwira komanso komwe ili, ntchito zake zazikulu ndi zomwe zimachita pakukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's.

Precuña: tanthauzo, kapangidwe ndi malo

Pre-wedge kapena precuneus ndi dera lomwe lili pamwamba parietal lobe, lobisika mu kutalika kwa ubongo, pakati pa ma hemispheres onse awiri. Imayang'aniridwa kutsogolo ndi nthambi yakutsogolo ya cingate sulcus, kumapeto kwake ndi parieto-occipital sulcus ndipo, pansipa, ndi subparietal sulcus.

Nthawi zina, pre-wedge amatchulidwanso ngati malo apakati a parietal cortex. Mwanjira ya cytoarchitectural, izo ikufanana ndi dera la Brodmann 7, kagawidwe ka dera la parietal la kotekisi.

Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi gulu lozungulira la kapangidwe ka zipilala ndipo ndi amodzi mwa zigawo zamaubongo zomwe zimatenga nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuti ikwaniritse kusungunuka kwawo (njira yomwe ma axon amatsekedwa ndi myelin kuti, mwa zina, ikwaniritse kuthamanga kwanu kufalitsa kwamanjenje). Ma morpholoji ake amawonetsa kusiyanasiyana, mawonekedwe ake komanso kukula kwakutali.

Komanso, pre-wedge ili ndi maulalo angapo amanjenje ; pamlingo wa kotekisi, imalumikizana ndi magawo a sensorimotor, ndi madera okhudzana ndi ntchito yayikulu, kukumbukira ndi kukonzekera kwamagalimoto, komanso ndi kotekisi yoyambira; ndipo pamlingo wovuta, umakhala ndi kulumikizana kofunikira ndi thalamic nuclei ndi tsinde laubongo.

Pre-wedge ndi kapangidwe kamene kakukula kwambiri mwa anthu kuposa nyama, popeza pamlingo wosintha kwakhala kukukula kwakukulu (kukula ndi mawonekedwe) a parietal ndi frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex poyerekeza ndi nyama zina zonse, ndikutanthauza izi pakukweza magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Chifukwa chake dongosolo lomwe ladzutsa chidwi chachikulu pagulu la sayansi, ngakhale anali "zovuta" kutengera anatomically (chifukwa chakomwe adakhalako).

Mawonekedwe

The pre-wedge ndi amodzi mwa malo ofunikira kwambiri ndikuphatikiza kwaubongo wathu, ndipo imagwira ntchito ngati kondakitala yemwe zizindikilo zambiri zofunika kuti chiwalo ichi chizigwira bwino ntchito.

Pansipa pali ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimanenedwa ndi pre-wedge:

Zambiri za mbiri yakale (kukumbukira kwakanthawi)

Pre-wedge imagwira ntchito yolumikizana ndi kotekisi yoyambira kumanzere, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndimachitidwe okhudzana ndi kukumbukira kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kukumbukira kwamunthu. Mwanjira imeneyi, imagwira nawo mbali monga chidwi, kuchira kwa kukumbukira kwakanthawi, kukumbukira ntchito kapena njira yakuzindikira.

1. Kukonza mawonekedwe

Ntchito ina yofunikira yomwe pre-wedge akuti ikuphatikizidwa ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe; Dera ili litenga nawo mbali kasamalidwe ka malo, pamene pali mayendedwe komanso, pamene zithunzi zimapangidwa.

Amakhulupiliranso kuti ndiomwe amachititsa kuti magalimoto azigwirizana mosiyanasiyana; ndiye kuti, zikafunika kusamutsa malo osiyanasiyana kapena malo osiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo polemba mawu kapena kujambula). Kuphatikiza apo, pre-wedge imayambitsidwa, limodzi ndi preotor cortex, pamaganizidwe omwe amafunikira kukonzanso kwa mawonekedwe.

2. Kudzizindikira

Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana adalumikiza pre-wedge ndi njira zomwe chikumbumtima chake chimalowererapo; Mwanjira imeneyi, dera laubongo lino lingakhale ndi gawo lofunikira pakuphatikiza malingaliro athu tokha, pamaneti, ubale wakanthawi komanso mayanjano. Pre-wedge amayang'anira ntchito yopanga kumverera kwakanthawi pakati paubongo, thupi ndi chilengedwe.

Pofufuza ndi zithunzi zogwira ntchito, zawonedwa kuti dongosolo laubongo ili limasanthula ndikutanthauzira "cholinga" cha ena mokhudzana ndi tokha ; ndiye kuti, imagwira ntchito ngati njira yosanthula ziweruzo za ena zomwe zimafunikira kutanthauzira kokwanira kuti tichite moyenera (mwachitsanzo, mwachifundo).

3. Kuzindikira kuzindikira

Kuphatikiza pakukhala ndi gawo lofunikira podzidziwitsa nokha, akuti mwina chisanachitike, limodzi ndi posterior cingate cortex, yofunikira pakuwongolera ndikuzindikira kwazidziwitso.

Zikuwoneka kuti kagayidwe kabwino ka glucose kagawidwe kamakulira kwambiri pakudzuka, mosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika mukakakamizidwa ndi dzanzi. Komanso, pakamagona pang'onopang'ono komanso kuyenda kwamaso mwachangu kapena kugona kwa REM, pre-wedge imatha.

Kumbali inayi, amakhulupirira kuti magwiridwe antchito azidziwitso omwe akukhudzana ndi dera lino laubongo atha kuthandizira kuphatikiza chidziwitso chamkati (chomwe chimachokera kuubongo ndi thupi lathu) ndi zidziwitso zachilengedwe kapena zakunja; Chifukwa chake, chisanachitike-wedge chimakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pazinthu zomwe zimapanga chidziwitso komanso malingaliro ambiri.

4. Kuphatikiza pakati

Kafukufuku wowonjezereka amathandizira gawo la pre-wedge monga malo ophatikizira ma neural network yaubongo, chifukwa chazikuluzikulu zake pamaneti olumikizana ndi ziwalozi komanso kulumikizana kwake kwakukulu komanso kwamphamvu ndi madera oyambilira omwe amayang'anira ntchito zazikulu monga kukonzekera. , kuyang'anira ndi kupanga zisankho.

Pre-wedge mu matenda a Alzheimer's

Matenda a Alzheimer adangoyamba kumene, imayamba ndimavuto amadzimadzi m'mbali mwa ma lobari apakati. Zikuwoneka kuti kukulitsidwa kwa madera aubongo awa ndikomwe kumawapangitsa kukhala pachiwopsezo china chazomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha odwalawa.

Kafukufuku wochuluka wasonyeza kuti pakhoza kukhala ubale pakati pa kutenga pakati ndi kukula kwa matenda oopsawa.Monga tafotokozera kale, pre-wedge yasintha mosiyanasiyana mwa anthu kuposa zinyama: kusiyana kwakukulu mokhudzana ndi anyani ena, mwachitsanzo, ndikuti kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala ndi michere yambiri.

Mwachiwonekere, pre-wedge ili ndi magawo okwera kwambiri amadzimadzi otulutsa kuposa omwe angafanane chifukwa cha kukula kwake, yomwe imapezekanso ndimikhalidwe yake yamafuta. Choseketsa ndichakuti Alzheimer's's imayamba ndimatenda amthupi ndendende pakatikati parietal, komwe pre-wedge ili. Ndipo chikhalidwe cha Alzheimer's's phosphorylation ya tau mapuloteni, omwe amapezeka m'zinyama zomwe zimabisala chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha.

Zomwe asayansi amafufuza ndikuti matenda omwe amapezeka pafupipafupi komanso mikhalidwe ya anthu monga Alzheimer's amatha kulumikizidwa ndi madera aubongo omwe ali ndi morpholoji yapaderanso mwa anthu. Ndipo zomwe akufunsazo ndikuti kuwonjezeka kwa zovuta za madera amubongozi kungachititsenso kuwonjezeka kwa zovuta zachilengedwe zomwe, chachiwiri, zitha kuyambitsa kuchuluka kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, kupsinjika kwa oxidative komanso mavuto am'manja omwe amachititsa munthu kuvutika kuchokera ku matenda a Alzheimer's.

Komabe, kulumikizana kotheka pakati pa pre-wedge ndi zinthu zina zofananira ndikukula kwa izi ndi matenda ena amisala pakadali pano akufufuzidwa, ndi cholinga chopeza mankhwala atsopano ndi njira zochiritsira zomwe zimachiritsa kapena, mwina, zimachedwetsa kupita patsogolo kwawo.