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• "PCEs" ndi "ACEs" Ndi Magulu Awiri Ofanana "Ndalama Zoyeserera Zaubwana" Ndalama

Akuluakulu omwe amadzinenera okha zokumana nazo zabwino zaubwana (PCEs) amakhala ndi mwayi wocheperako matenda azachipatala kapena matenda azaumoyo akulu-komanso mwayi waukulu wokhala ndiubwenzi pakati pa anthu akuluakulu-malinga ndi kafukufuku watsopano wofufuza kuchokera ku Yunivesite ya Johns Hopkins. Zotsatira izi (Bethell et al., 2019) zidasindikizidwa pa intaneti lero m'nyuzipepala JAMA Matenda .

Azimayi ndi abambo okwana 6,188 azaka zopitilira 18 adagwira nawo nawo kafukufukuyu. Ngakhale kuti kafukufukuyu ali ndi zoperewera zina (mwachitsanzo, zopingasa, zowonera, zolumikizana) ndipo sizingatsimikizire zomwe zimayambitsa, zomwe zapezazi zikuwonetsa kuti zokumana nazo zisanu ndi ziwiri zabwino zaubwana (zomwe ndizofunikira pa kafukufukuyu) zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino paumoyo wamaganizidwe ndi ubale.

A Christina Bethell ndi anzawo akulemba akuyembekeza kuti zomwe apeza posachedwa zikuyitanitsa makolo ndi omwe akuyikira kumbuyo zaumoyo kuti atenge mbali ziwiri:

1. Limbikitsani zokumana nazo zabwino zaubwana
2. Kuchepetsa zokumana nazo zoyipa zaubwana.

"Kafukufukuyu akupereka chiyembekezo choti ana ndi akulu akhoza kuchita bwino ngakhale atakumana ndi zovuta zaubwana," atero a Bethell. "Anthu amaganiza kuti kuthana ndi zovuta kumangobweretsa thanzi labwino, koma anthu ambiri omwe amafotokoza zovuta zochepa ali mwana adakhalabe ndi mavuto azaumoyo komanso achibale ngati sananenenso kuti adakumana ndiubwana wabwino."

"PCEs" ndi "ACEs" Ndi Magulu Awiri Ofanana "Ndalama Zoyeserera Zaubwana" Ndalama

Mukakumana ndi wina mumsewu mumatenga kafukufukuyu ndipo adakufunsani mwachisawawa: "Musanakwanitse zaka 18, kodi mudakumana ndi zokumana nazo zabwino zaubwana (PCEs) kapena zokumana nazo zina zovuta zaubwana (ACEs)?" mungayankhe bwanji mutagwada?

Kwa zaka zapitazi, ndalemba zambiri za 10-point ACE score system (1998) yamavuto akuubwana yoyimiridwa ndi "Abuse, Neglect, Household Dysfunction" CDC pamwambapa.

Ndikudziwa mphambu yanga ya ACE; Chifukwa chake, yankho langa loyambirira kwa omwe adatenga kafukufukuyu likhala ili: "Ndatenga mayeso a ACE koma, mpaka pano, sindinamvepo za PCEs. Ndi mitundu iti yazomwe mudakumana nazo m'mbuyomu zomwe mumazitcha kuti" zabwino zokumana nazo zaubwana? '"

Pansipa pali zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri pakuwunika kwabwino kwaubwana (PCE) pama psychometric. Pa chinthu chilichonse, omwe amafunsidwa amafunsidwa kuti ayankhe "inde" kapena "ayi" mwachangu, "Ndisanafike zaka 18, ndinali ..."

1. Kutha kulankhula ndi banja langa zakukhosi kwanga.
2. Ndinamva kuti banja langa linandithandizira panthawi yamavuto.
3. Amasangalala kutenga nawo mbali miyambo yazikhalidwe.
4. Ndinamva kuti ndili kusukulu yasekondale.
5. Anamva othandizidwa ndi abwenzi.
6. Ndinali ndi achikulire osachepera awiri omwe sanali makolo omwe anali ndi chidwi chenicheni ndi ine.
7. Ndinadzimva wotetezeka ndikutetezedwa ndi munthu wamkulu mnyumba mwanga.

Tsopano popeza mukudziwa ma PCE asanu ndi awiriwo, mudayankha kangati "inde" pa kafukufuku wazinthu zisanu ndi ziwirizi? Mukakweza mphotho, zokumana nazo zabwino zaubwana zomwe mudakumana nazo potengera kusanthula kwa psychometric.

Malinga ndi ofufuzawo, "Kafukufukuyu adapanga, kuyesa, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yochitira ubwana yomwe idawonetsa kuyanjana kwa mayankho pakati pazambiri zomwe achikulire adanenapo komanso thanzi lawo lamaganizidwe ndi ubale. zokumana nazo momwemonso zokumana nazo zovuta zaubwana zimachepetsa 'chiopsezo chowonjezeka.' "

Monga tanenera, kafukufuku waposachedwa wa a Johns Hopkins adapatsanso omwe adayankha mafunso ovuta aubwana (ACEs). (Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupeza mphotho yanu ya ACE podina ulalo waulere wa NPR ndikuyankha "inde" kapena "ayi" pamafunso 10.)

Kuphatikiza apo, amuna ndi akazi masauzande ambiri omwe adatenga nawo gawo pa kafukufukuyu waposachedwa (2019) adapereka chidziwitso chokhudza mbiri yaumoyo wawo (mwachitsanzo, ngati adazindikira kuti ali ndi vuto lakukhumudwa) komanso kuti ndi "masiku angati amisala" wodziwa mwezi watha.

Pomaliza, aliyense wofunsidwa adafunsidwa kuti ndi kangati pomwe amamva kuti apeza chilimbikitso chokwanira pagulu komanso m'maganizo. Metric iyi imadziwika kuti "Adult-Reported Social and Emotional Support (ASSES)."

M'gawo lazokambirana papepalali, a Christina Bethell ndi anzawo olemba anzawo "akuganiza kuti ma PCE atha kukhala ndi gawo lalikulu pakulimbikitsa thanzi labwino, monga kupeza chithandizo chamagulu ndi malingaliro kapena kukula ngati wamkulu. kuvutikira matenda ngakhale matendawa sangathe. "

"Pazonse, zotsatira za kafukufuku zikuwonetsa kuti ma PCE amawonetsa kuyanjana kwa mayankho ndi thanzi lamunthu wamkulu wamaganizidwe ndi ubale, zofananira ndi kuchuluka kwa ma ACE angapo," olemba adamaliza. "Zotsatira zikusonyeza kuti ma PCE atha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pamoyo wawo wonse wamaganizidwe ndi ubale ngakhale atakumana ndi zovuta monga ACEs."

Ngati ndinu kholo, woyang'anira, kapena wosamalira wina wazaka zosakwana 18 : Pomaliza, ndabwezeretsanso zochitika zisanu ndi ziwiri zabwino zaubwana (PCEs) zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa mwa munthu wachitatu, pakali pano. Nthawi yotsatira mukafuna chikumbutso cha m'mene mungabzalire mbewu zamtsogolo za ana anu, mudzadziuze kuti:

"Ana amakhala ndi thanzi labwino lamaganizidwe, chiopsezo chochepa cha kukhumudwa, komanso maubale abwino atakula ngati angathe:

(1) Kulankhula ndi abale awo zakukhosi kwawo, (2) Kumva kuti mabanja awo adayimilira nawo munthawi yamavuto, (3) Sangalalani nawo miyambo yakumaloko, (4) Muzimva kuti ndinu ophunzira kusekondale, (5) Mverani mothandizidwa ndi abwenzi, (6) Kukhala ndi achikulire osachepera awiri omwe si makolo omwe amawakonda, komanso (7) Kumva kukhala otetezeka komanso otetezedwa ndi munthu wamkulu kunyumba kwawo. "

Nkhani yabwino kwa kholo lililonse ndikuti zinthu za PCE izi ndizothandiza ndipo, kwakukulukulu, ndizosavuta kuzitsogolera m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa mwana wanu.

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