Luso Lodzichepetsa

Koyamba, lamulo loti mukhale odzichepetsa silikumveka ngati losangalatsa. Zikuwoneka kuti zikutsutsana ndi kudzikweza kwathu pakadali pano ndikudzidalira, komanso kutsutsana ndi upangiri wachitukuko womwe tili nawo kuti tiyenera kukondwerera zomwe takwaniritsa ndikunyadira tokha. Koma kudzichepetsa sikutanthauza kufatsa, komanso sikutanthauza kufooka. M'malo mwake, ukoma wakalewu ulibe chochita ndi kukhala ndi malingaliro odzitchinjiriza kapena ogonjera ndipo sakuyenera kulakwitsa chifukwa chodzidalira. M'malo mwake, kudzichepetsa ndichinthu chodzichepetsa mwauzimu chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndikumvetsetsa malo athu momwe zinthu zilili.

Titha kuyeseza pobwerera kuchokera kuzilakalaka zathu ndi mantha athu, ndikuyang'ana panja pa dziko lalikulu lomwe tili nawo. Zimakhudzana ndikusintha malingaliro athu ndikuzindikira kufunikira kwathu kochepa mu chithunzi chokulirapo. Zimatanthawuza kutuluka pakudzuka kwathu ndikudziyesa tokha ngati anthu am'deralo, mphindi yapadera, kapena mitundu yolakwika kwambiri. Pomaliza, monga Socrates ankadziwa bwino, zimakhudzana ndi kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa zomwe sitidziwa ndikuzindikira malo athu akhungu.

Ichi ndichifukwa chake tonse tiyenera kusamala za kudzichepetsa:

1. Olemba ambiri, akale komanso amakono, aganizira za kudzichepetsa, kuphatikiza Confucius. Wafilosofi wakale waku China adakhulupirira kuti kudziwa malo athu mdziko lalikulu, komanso kutsatira miyambo ndi zikhalidwe, ndi njira yothetsera mavuto am'nthawi yake. M'mafilosofi ake, zosowa zathu ndi zokhumba zathu nthawi zonse zimakhala zotsatizana ndi zomwe zimawonedwa kuti ndizabwino pagulu. Kudzichepetsa ndi mtundu wachikhulupiriro cha Confucian womwe umalimbikitsa kwambiri chikhalidwe cha anthu, ndikuyamikira zabwino zathu kuposa kukhutitsidwa ndi zikhumbo zathu ndi zokhumba zathu. Mwanjira imeneyi, kudzichepetsa kumathandizira kwambiri kuti anthu azigwirizana komanso azidziona kuti ndife ofunika.
2. Kudzichepetsa ndichinthu chamtengo wapatali mu Chikhristu, momwe zimakhalira ngati kudzikana ndi kugonjera chifuniro cha Mulungu. Ngakhale kudzichepetsa kwachikhristu - komwe kumalumikizidwa, monga momwe zilili, ndi kudziimba mlandu, manyazi, tchimo, ndi kudzinyansa - sikungakhale kwa aliyense, palinso china chofunikira choti aphunzire kuchokera kwa azamulungu. Amatiphunzitsa kuti tipewe kudzikuza komanso kudzikweza, kuti tidziyese tokha ngati gawo la mitundu yomwe ili yangwiro, ndikudzikumbutsa za gawo locheperako lomwe aliyense ali nalo pokwaniritsa umunthu wathunthu.
3. Tonsefe tili ndi zambiri zoti tiphunzire, osati kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake komanso kuchokera ku mitundu ina. Ngati tikadakhala ngati zomera, mwachitsanzo, titha kudziwa momwe tingakhalire mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe osayesetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zake mosasamala. Nyama, nawonso, akhoza kukhala aphunzitsi anzeru. Ngati titha kukhala ngati amphaka - Zen-masters onse - titha kuphunzira kukhala ndi moyo wabwino komanso kudzisamalira chifukwa chazinthu zosatha, ndikusiya kuyesetsa kwathu kopanda tanthauzo kuti tivomerezedwe. Ngati tikadakhala ngati mimbulu, titha kuphunzira phunzilo kapena ziwiri zamalingaliro, kukhulupirika, komanso kufunika kwamasewera. (Onani Pinkola-Estes 1992 ndi Radinger 2017.)
4. Kudzichepetsa kumatanthauzanso kuvomereza zophophonya zathu ndikuyesetsa kuzigonjetsa. Ndizokhudza kukhala wokonzeka kuphunzira njira zabwino kuchokera kwa ena. Kudzichepetsa kumaphatikizapo kuphunzitsika, malingaliro omwe amaphatikizapo kudzikonza nthawi zonse ndikudzikonza. Sichabwino chokha chokha chokhala ndi mbiri yakale komanso yolemera, komanso mawonekedwe apadera amisala. Monga a David Robson (2020) awonetsa, kafukufuku waposachedwa wamaganizidwe atsimikizira kuti odzichepetsa kwambiri pakati pathu ali ndi zabwino zambiri. Malingaliro odzichepetsa amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamaluso athu ozindikira, ogwirizana, komanso otha kupanga zisankho. Anthu odzichepetsa amaphunzira bwino ndiponso kuthetsa mavuto. Ophunzira odzichepetsa omwe amakhala omasuka kuyankhapo nthawi zambiri amapitilira anzawo omwe ali ndi luso kwambiri omwe amaganiza kuti ali ndi maluso ena omwe amakana upangiri wonse. Kafukufuku wina apeza kuti kudzichepetsa ndikofunikira kwambiri monga chizindikiritso cha ntchito kuposa IQ. (Bradley P. Owens et al., 2013; ndi Krumrei-Manusco et al., 2019) Kudzichepetsa mwa atsogoleri athu, kuwonjezera apo, kumalimbikitsa kukhulupirirana, kuchita nawo zinthu, kulingalira mwanzeru, komanso kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito. (Rego et al., 2017; Ou et al., 2020; Cojuharenco ndi Karelaia 2020.)
5. Kudzichepetsa ndikofunikira kuti tithe kuphunzira komanso chofunikira chofunikira kuti tidzipange tokha. Pakuti ngati sitingavomereze kuti pali zosowa mu chidziwitso chathu kapena zolakwika mu umunthu wathu, sitidzatha kuchita zinthu zofunika kuzikwanitsa.
6. Pomaliza, kudzichepetsa ndiyonso njira yokhayo yothetsera nkhanza. Mwazinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambira m'badwo wathu, nkhanza ndizovuta zomwe tiyenera kuthana nazo pagulu komanso pagulu. (Twenge 2013) Kudzichepetsa kumatha kukhala njira yokomera kudzipeputsa kwathu pakudzinyadira komanso kudzidalira, zomwe akatswiri ambiri amisala amawawona mozama kwambiri. (Ricard 2015)

Zinthu zonse zikalingaliridwa, ndiye, zikuwoneka kuti kutsitsimutsa luso lakale lodzichepetsa ndichofunikira kwambiri. Mwakutero, kudzichepetsa ndiko kufunitsitsa kuvomereza zophophonya zathu komanso kufunitsitsa kuphunzira, kaya kuchokera kwa anthu, zikhalidwe zina, zakale, nyama, kapena mbewu - aliyense amene amayang'anira china chake sitichita. Mipata ndi yopanda malire.