Chifukwa Chomwe Kutsekemera Kukutembenuzira Anthu Ena, Koma Ena Akutuluka

Pali zotsutsana zambiri zofalitsa nkhani zokhudzana ndi momwe mliri wa COVID-19 coronavirus umakhudzira zoyendetsa zogonana za anthu. Ena akunena kuti kupsinjika ndi nkhawa zonse zikulepheretsa chikhumbo, pomwe ena akunena kuti aliyense ndi wopepuka. Ndi iti?

Mwina ndi zonse ziwiri. Kupatula apo, tikudziwa kuchokera kuphiri la kafukufuku wamaganizidwe kuti anthu awiri atha kuyankha momwemo munjira zosiyana kwambiri, ndikuti zomwe zimakulitsa chilakolako chogonana mwa ena zitha kuziyendetsa mwa ena.

Pali njira zambiri zosanthula momwe zinthu ziliri pano, koma njira imodzi yowonera ndi kudzera mu mandala a Chiphunzitso Chaukazitape . Lingaliro lofunikira pamfundoyi ndikuti tikakumbutsidwa za chiyembekezo chakufa kwathu (mwachitsanzo, tikakumana ndi mfundo yoti aliyense adzafa), timasintha malingaliro athu ndi machitidwe athu m'njira zopangidwa kuti zitithandizire kupirira.

Zikumbutso zakufa kwathu zili ponseponse pakadali pano. Tsiku lililonse, timangokhalira kumva za matenda opatsirana ndi kufa kwatsopano kuchokera ku buku la coronavirus, ndipo ngakhale magulu ena a anthu ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu kuposa ena, atolankhani akhala akutikumbutsa kuti pali anthu amibadwo yonse akufa ndi kachilomboka.

Zotsatira zake, ambiri aife tikulimbana ndi nkhawa zakufa. Kafukufuku wa Terror Management akuwonetsa kuti anthu osiyanasiyana mwina akulimbana ndi izi m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, m'maphunziro a labu pomwe anthu adafunsidwa kuti aganizire zakufa kwawo, akatswiri azamaganizidwe adapeza kuti izi zidakulitsa chidwi chakugonana ndikukhumba kwa anthu ena - koma sizidatero kwa aliyense. Ndani angakumane ndi chidwi chokhudzana ndi kugonana komanso chilakolako? Omwe anali ndi mawonekedwe abwino, komanso omwe anali omasuka ndi maubwenzi akuthupi.

Mwanjira ina, momwe timamvera ndi matupi athu komanso momwe timaganizira zogonana zimawoneka ngati zinthu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimatsimikizira ngati anthu amadalira kugonana ngati njira yothanirana ndi nkhawa.

Izi zitha kuthandiza kufotokoza chifukwa chake anthu ena amachita mantha komanso kuchita zachiwerewere pakadali pano, monga zikuwonetseredwa ndikuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa zolaula pamasamba akuluakulu.

Nthawi yomweyo, zimathandizanso kufotokoza chifukwa chake si aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi chogonana, komanso chifukwa chake ena atha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosagonana kuti athetse nkhawa.

Njira ina yowonera momwe zinthu ziliri pano ndi mandala a Mtundu Wowongolera Pawiri Woyankha Kugonana , yomwe imati tonsefe tili ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana okondwerera kugonana (kuyatsidwa) ndi zoletsa zogonana (kuzimitsidwa). Kunena mwanjira ina, tonsefe timakhala ndi "gasi wonyamula" komanso "mabuleki" zikafika pakugonana. Komabe, anthu ena amakhala ndi chopangira mpweya chomwe nthawi zonse chimakanikizidwa pang'ono (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kuyatsa), pomwe ena amakhala ndi mabuleki omwe amangokakamira pang'ono (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ayatseke).

Kwa anthu omwe amaletsa mosavuta, zovuta monga zomwe tikukhalazi zikuyenera kuwonongeka. Anthuwa mwina apeza kuti ndizovuta kukhala ndi malingaliro ogonana pakadali pano pokhapokha atapeza chosokoneza chachikulu kapena njira ina yolowera munthawiyo.

Mosiyana ndi izi, kwa iwo omwe ali osavuta kukangana, zovuta zimangopanga zomwezi-ndipo zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zina. Bwanji? Tikudziwa kuti mantha ndi nkhawa nthawi zina zimakulitsa chilimbikitso chogonana m'malo mongochepetsa. Inde, kukwiya nthawi zambiri kumalingaliridwa kuti ndi kukopa kwakugonana. Kuphatikiza apo, "kukondweretsana" kumatha kuchitika, komwe kutengeka kwamphamvu kumatha kukulitsa chidwi chogonana. M'malo mwake, ndichifukwa chake anthu ambiri amati "zodzoladzola zogonana" ndiye kugonana kwabwino kwambiri - zotsalira zotsutsana ndi mnzawo mwina zikuwonjezera kukondweretsedwa pazochitikazi.

Ngati ndinu munthu amene amasangalala ndi kuyamba pomwe, ndikuganiza kuti mwina ndinu otengeka kwambiri ndi izi, pomwe kupsinjika mtima kumatha kukankhira mafuta m'malo mopumira.

Mulimonse momwe mungasanthulire izi, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti yankho limodzi silabwino kuposa ena. Kaya mukukhala ndi zochuluka, zochepa, kapena kuchuluka kofanana ndi zakugonana pakadali pano, zonse nzabwino. Inu mumatero. Ingokumbukirani kuti tonse timatha kuthana m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

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Goldenberg, JL, McCoy, SK, Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., & Solomon, S. (2000). Thupi monga gwero lodzidalira: Mphamvu zakufa kwa munthu pakudziwika ndi thupi lake, chidwi chake pakugonana, komanso kuwunika mawonekedwe. Zolemba pa Umunthu ndi Psychology Yaumunthu, 79, 118-130.

Bancroft, John, Graham, Cynthia A., Janssen, Erick, Sanders, Stephanie A. (2009). Dual Control Model: Momwe Alili Pakadali ndi Mayendedwe Amtsogolo. Zolemba Pakafukufuku Wogonana, 46 (2 & 3): 121-142.